Gross structure of the brain

Question 1

Brain development

Answer 1

Neural tube comes from ectoderm and forms all of CNS.

Question 2

Lobes of the brain

Answer 2

Frontal lobe - higher functions
Parietal lobe - senses, 3D shape, math
Temporal - hearing, language, memory formation,
Occipital - vision

Ridges - gyri
Crevices - sulci

Cerebral sulcus between the frontal and Parietal lobe
Lateral sulcus between the temporal and frontal/Parietal lobe

Question 3

White matter

Answer 3

High in water

Myelinated axons - transfer info

Question 4

Grey matter

Answer 4

Covers the outside of the cerebral hemispheres
Unmyelinated fibres
Responsible for processing.

Question 5

Corpus callosum

Answer 5

White fibre tracts that transfer info right to left and vice versa.

Question 6

Basal ganglia

Answer 6

May be referred to as nuclei cell bodies in the CNS.
Putamen, caudate nuclei and globus pallidus - involved in movement and emotional regulation
Amygdala - emotion and memory creation

Question 7

Forebrain structures

Answer 7

Thalami - determines where info from spinal cord goes to in the brain
Pineal gland - seretonin secretion,regulates consciousness
Hypothalamus - homeostatic functions

Question 8

Midbrain structures

Answer 8

Cerebral peduncles - transfers info from spinal cord to forebrain.
Superior colliculi - integrates visual feild with body location
Inferior colliculi - integrates sound info with body location

Question 9

Hindbrain structures

Answer 9

Pons - relays info up, regulates respiration, controls coordination of muscles and swallowing.
Cerebellum - motor control
Medulla oblongata - pulses info up/down, regulates HR/BP, becomes spinal cord.

Question 10

Ventricles of the brain

Answer 10

Interventricular foramen
Cerebral aqueduct
Third ventricle
Fourth ventricle
Lateral ventricles - CSF production, flows out of 4th and around the brain.