Gross Anatomy Review Questions Flashcards
What nerves supply the internal abdominal oblique muscle? What are their component fibers?
T12-L1 somatic fibers
Which covering of the spermatic cord originates from the internal abdominal oblique muscle?
The cremaster muscle
What was the function of the ligamentum teres in the embryo?
It’s the remnant of the fetal umbilical vein
At what point on the large bowel are taenia coli first seen?
Ascending colon
What blood vessels are contained within the transverse mesocolon?
Left colic and ______
With which artery does the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery anastomose?
Inferior pancreticoduodenal artery
Both have anterior and posterior branches that hug the pancreas.
The right gastroepiploic artery is a branch of what vessel? With what artery does it anastomose?
R gastoepiploic artery is a branch of gastroduodenal artery. It anastomoses with left gastroepiploic artery on the greater curvature of the stomach.
What is the potential clinical significance of the inferior mesenteric vein in a patient with cirrhosis of the liver?
Varices
The splenic artery originates from the ____.
Celiac trunk
With what vessel does the left colic artery anastomose?
Left colic comes off of IMA and anastomoses with marginal artery
What is the difference between the portal vein and an hepatic vein?
Hepatic drains to IVC
Portal vein drains to liver from SMV
What is the clinical significance of the bare area of the liver?
This area of the liver is prone to infection bc it’s unprotected.
The hepatic vein drains into the _____
IVC
Is the quadrate lobe part of the right or left physiological lobe?
Left
In which part of the duodenum is the major duodenal papilla found?
2nd part
The common bile duct is formed by the union of the:
Near its termination, the common bile duct is joined by:
The common bile duct is formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct. Near its termination, it is usually joined by the pancreatic duct.
What nerves synapse at the celiac ganglion/plexus?
The greater splanchnic nerves synapse at the celiac ganglion.
What two veins usually drain into the left renal vein?
Left gonadal vein and left suprarenal veins
What are the component fibers of the superior hypogastric plexus?
Sympathetics
visceral afferent to L1-L2
The cisterna chyli is the site of origin of
thoracic duct
The renal papilla drains into the:
Minor calyx
What are the functions of genitofemoral nerve?
Motor to cremaster muscle
Sensory to medial thigh
What types of fibers are contained within the lumbar splanchnic nerves?
Sympathetic fibers, preganglionic
The lumbar splanchnics synapse in the inferior mesenteric ganglion.
What is the function of the cremaster muscle?
To control the temperature of the testes.
What is the innervation of the cremaster muscle?
Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
From which layer of the abdominal muscles is the inguinal ligament derived?
External oblique muscle
What is the relationship of the inguinal ligament to the inguinal canal?
The inguinal ligament is the floor of the inguinal canal
What areas does the ilioninguinal nerve supply in the male?
In the male - to the skin over the root of the penis and upper part of the scrotum.
What areas does the ilioninguinal nerve supply in the female?
In the female - to the skin covering the mons pubis and labium majorum.
What is the relationship of the ilioninguinal nerve to the spermatic cord and the superficial ring?
It travels through the superficial ring to join the spermatic cord after running the length of the ilioinguinal ligament.
Which layers of the abdominal muscle join to form the conjoint tendon?
Internal oblique and transversus muscles
What is the function of the conjoint tendon?
The conjoint tendon serves to protect what would otherwise be a weak point in the abdominal wall. A weakening of the conjoint tendon can precipitate a direct inguinal hernia.
Reinforces superficial ring
Into what vein does the testicular vein drain into on the left? On the right?
Right drains into IVC
Left drains into Left renal vein
The lacunar ligament is a direct continuation of:
Inguinal ligament
What is the function of the pampiniform plexus?
Venous drainage to testes
Keeps testes cool
The veins that make up the pampiniform plexus eventually become:
Testicular vein
Which nerve supplies the bulbospongiosus muscle?
The pudendal nerve supplies the bulbospongiosus muscle.
What is the function of the bulbospongiosus muscle?
The function of the bulbospongiosus muscle is to aid in ejaculation by squeezing .
The deep dorsal vein of the penis drains into:
Prostatic plexus
From which artery does the dorsal artery of the penis branch?
Internal pudendal artery, which is a branch off of internal anterior
What artery supplies the corpora cavernosa?
Cavernous artery, fed by the internal pudendal artery
The inferior epigastric artery is a branch of:
External iliac artery
With what artery does the inferior epigastric artery anastomose?
Superior epigastric artery
What is the function of the seminal vesicles?
The seminal vesicles secrete a significant proportion of the fluid that ultimately becomes semen. Lipofuscin granules from dead epithelial cells give the secretion its yellowish color.
Where do the ejaculatory ducts enter the prostatic urethra?
2 holes next to the utricle on the colliculus
Where do the prostatic ducts enter the prostatic urethra?
There are lots of little prostatic ducts in the prostatic sinuses
The ___1___ and ___2___ join to form the ejaculatory ducts.
Vas deferens (ampulla) and seminal vesicles
What arteries are contained within the mesosalpinx?
Uterine and ovarian arteries
Which vessels and nerves are contained within the suspensory ligament of the ovary?
Ovarian artery and vein
What is the function of the round ligament of the uterus?
Keeps the uterus in an anterverted and anteflexed position
The round ligament is a remnant of what structure in the embryo?
Gubernaculum
Why is the posterior vaginal fornix clinically important?
It’s where you can easily access the rectum, and do injections for whatever…
Why is the ampulla of the uterine tube clinically important
It is the site of fertilization.
What type of hernia passes lateral to the lacunar ligament?
Femoral hernia
