Gross Anatomy of the Brain Flashcards
what % of total resting oxygen is used by the brain?
20%
what are the parts of the forebrain?
Telencephalon and Diencephalon
What are the parts of the midbrain?
mesencephalon
what are the parts of the hindbrain?
Metencephalon and myelencephalon
What are the parts of the telencephalon?
cerebral hemispheres, hippocampus, basal ganglia and amygdala
what are the parts of the diencephalon?
Thalamus and Hypothalamus
what are the parts of the mesencephalon?
tectum and tegmentum
what are the parts of the metencephalon?
pons and cerebellum
what are the parts of the myelencephalon
medulla
what is the telencephalon responsible for?
Higher brain functions- learning, memory and emotions
What are the major cortical segments of the telencephalon
Frontal, temporal, parietal, limbic and occipital lobe as well as corpus callosum
what structures can be found in frontal lobe?
- central sulcus
- precentral gyrus
- superior,middle and inferior frontal gyri
- Broca’s speech area
What structures can be found in the temporal lobe?
- Lateral (sylvian) fissure
- superior temporal sulcus
- superior temporal gyrus
- middle and inferior temporal gyri
What structures can be found in the Parietal lobe?
Wernike’s speech area
primary somatosensory cortex
what structures are in the occipital lobe?
- calcarine sulcus, cuneate and lingual gyri
- primary visual cortex
what stuctures are found in the limbic lobe?
cingulate gyrus
parahippocampal gyrus
uncus
The CNS is ______ symmetrical, but the cortex displays ________ asymmetry; lateralization of brain function
bilaterally; functional
what are the functions of the left brain?
Language
Numerical Skills
Reasoning abilities
Considered more analytical than the right side
What are the functions of the right brain?
Processes new unfamiliar faces
Decodes and processes patterns, music, spatial relations
Takes in the “whole”
Considered more creative than the left side
Motor Aphasia
Broca lesion – mechanical part of articulation is impaired
Sensory Aphasia
Wernicke lesion-Processing of language is impaired
What are the largest parts of the homunculus?
Face, lips, tongue and hands
-smaller receptive fields with lots of neural input
Is Area 4 motor or sensory?
motor
is layer 4 motor or sensory?
sensory; larger in somatosensory area
is layer 5 motor or sensory?
motor; will be larger in motor areas