Gross Anatomy of CNS

Question 1

Cerebrum

Answer 1

Cortex, Basal forebrain, basal ganglia, amygdala, hippocampus, diencephalon

Question 2

Brainstem

Answer 2

SUP to INF: Midbrain, Pons, Medulla
Mainly White Matter
Relays info between SC and Cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem

Question 3

Cerebral Cortex

Answer 3

Found in Cerebrum
Gray matter
Highly folded to allow for more surface area –> more complex behavior

Question 4

Basal Forebrain

Answer 4

Found in Cerebrum, medial base of the forebrain
Important in memory and cognition
Affected in Alzheimer’s Disease

Question 5

Basal Ganglia

Answer 5

Found in Cerebrum, more ANT region
Gray Matter
Control of voluntary motion

Question 6

Amygdala

Answer 6

Found in Cerbrum, medial temporal lobe
Critical for emotion and response to memories

Question 7

Hippocampus

Answer 7

Found in Cerebrum, just posterior to amygdala in medial temporal lobe
Critical for learning and memory

Question 8

Diencephalon (Parts)

Answer 8

Found in Cerebrum, Deep midline regio
Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Subthalamus, Epithalamus,

Question 9

Thalamus

Answer 9

Found in Diencephalon of Cerebrum
Relays info between Brainstem and cortex
Info from vision and somatosensory systems

Question 10

Hypothalamus

Answer 10

Found in Diencephalon of Cerebrum
Homeostasis, Growth regulation, Reproduction regulation

Question 11

Epithalamus (pineal gland)

Answer 11

Found in Diencephalon of Cerebrum
Regulation of endocrine function

Question 12

Cerebral Peduncle

Answer 12

Found in the Midbrain
Connects the midbrain to thebrainstem

Question 12

Subthalamus

Answer 12

Found in Diencephalon of Cerebrum
Part of neural circuitry involved in controlling movement

Question 13

Midbrain (Parts)

Answer 13

Cerebral Peduncle
Tectum
Substantia Nigra

Question 13

Tectum

Answer 13

Found in the Midbrain
Superior Colliculus: eye movement
Inferior Colliculus: Auditory info processing

Question 14

Substantia Nigra

Answer 14

Found in the Midbrain
Functionally part of the basal ganglia
Involved in voluntary motion and control

Question 15

Cerebellum

Answer 15

Cerebellar peduncles connect to brainstem
Involved in coordination and mvmt

Question 16

Lobes of the Brain

Answer 16

Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
*Limbic Lobe
*Insular Lobe
* = Can’t be seen on surface

Question 17

Frontal Lobe (Parts)

Answer 17

Pre-frontal cortex
Motor cortex
Broca’s area

Question 18

Pre-frontal Cortex

Answer 18

Found in the Frontal Lobe
Decision-making, cognitive function, sense of self

Question 19

Broca’s Area

Answer 19

Found in the Frontal Lobe
Lateral region, responsible for speech

Question 19

Motor Cortex

Answer 19

Found in the Frontal Lobe
Found just ANT to central gyrus
Motor control (contains UMNs)

Question 20

Parietal Lobe

Answer 20

Primary somatosensory Cortex
Found just POST to central sulcus
Integrates somatosensory info

Question 21

Occipital Lobe

Answer 21

Primary Visual Cortex
Integrates visual information

Question 22

Temporal Lobe (Parts)

Answer 22

Primary Auditory Cortex Medial Temporal Lobe

Question 23

Primary Auditory Cortex

Answer 23

Found in the Temporal Lobe Integrates auditory info

Question 24

Medial Temporal Lobe

Answer 24

Found in the Temporal Lobe Important for Learning and Memory

Question 25

Limbic Lobe

Answer 25

Cingulate gyrus: integrates pain info Parahippocampal gyrus: learning and memory

Question 26

Insular Lobe

Answer 26

Integrates gustatory and vestibular info, visceral sensation

Question 27

Dorsal Root Ganglia

Answer 27

Posterior Somatosensory info

Question 28

Ventral Root Ganglia

Answer 28

Anterior Motor info

Question 29

Spinal Nerves

Answer 29

Combines Dorsal and Ventral Roots