Gross Anatomy Flashcards
Cerebrum (cerebral hemispheres)
2 sections:
Telencephalon
Diencephalon
Telencephalon is a part of what structure?
has what 2 sections?
Cerebrum
cerebral cortex & subcortical
Diencephalon is a part of what structure?
has what 2 sections?
Cerebrum
thalamus & hypothalamus
Parts of the brainstem
midbrain
pons
medulla
Major parts of the CNS
5:
Cerebrum Cerebellum Brainstem Spinal Cord & Roots Pre-Ganglionic Autonomic Neurons
Major Parts of the PNS
4:
Spinal Nerves & Rami
Somatic Nerves
Visceral Nerves
Autonomic Ganglia & Post Autonomic Neurons
Relation of Cranial Nerves to Brain & Spinal Cord:
Olfactory Tract CN1 to :
Cerebrum/ temporal lobe mainly
Relation of Cranial Nerves to Brain & Spinal Cord:
Optic Tracts CN2:
Thalamus
Relation of Cranial Nerves to Brain & Spinal Cord:
CN 3-4:
Midbrain
Relation of Cranial Nerves to Brain & Spinal Cord: CN 5-7
pons
Relation of Cranial Nerves to Brain & Spinal Cord: CN 8-12:
medulla
Thalamus and hypothalamus are deep (lateral) to __________
wall of 3rd ventricle
Growth and folding of the neural tube produces ____ regions with the fluid filled core becoming the ______
CNS regions
ventricular system (cerebrospinal fluid)
Rostral-Caudal axis is the axis of the _____
neural tube
Dorsal-ventral axis is always perpendicular to the
rostral-caudal axis
______ brain surface is along the base of the skull
ventral
______surface of the brains is along the calvarium
dorsal
outer/periosteal & inner/meningeal layers separate to form dural sinuses
Dura
normally flush against dura, but has trabeculae extending to pia mater
Arachnoid:
thin transparent layer that is flush with brain surface – follows gyri & sulci
Pia
space is where trabeculae are seen – cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), vessels.
Subarachnoid”
Subdural Hemorrhage: Typically from tearing of _____________
bridging veins
Supratentorial Compartment
regions:
Telencephalon Diencephalon
Supratentorial Compartment
Cranial nerves:
CN1 & CN2
Supratentorial Compartment TEST:
Ø Awake & Oriented Ø Olfactory & Visual Systems Ø Cognition & Language Ø Emotional & Behavioral Regulation Ø Hypothalamic/pituitary functions
Infratentorial Compartment
Regions:
Brainstem & Cerebellum
Infratentorial Compartment
Brainstem:
Ø Brainstem: Cranial Nerves 3-12
Ø Cerebellum: Motor coordination
Vertebral Compartment
regions:
Ø Spinal Cord, Dorsal & Ventral Roots
Vertebral Compartment
exams:
Ø Motor & Somatosensory Exams
Ø Reflexes
Peripheral Level: Nerves & Autonomics
regions/test:
Somatic/Visceral Nerves, Reflexes