Gross Anatomy Flashcards
divisions of brain
cerebrum divided into 4 lobes
cerebellum
brainstem involving midbrain pons and medulla
gyrus
fold/bump on surface of brain
sulcus
depression on surface
fissure
deep depression
what structures make up the cerebrum
cerebral cortex
basal ganglia
limbic lobe (telencephalon)
thalamus, hypothalamus (diencephalon)
parts of brainstem
midbrain (mesencephalon)
pons (metencephalon)
medulla (myelencephalon)
longitudinal fissure
divide hemispheres
transverse fissure
cerebrum from cerebellum
central sulcus
frontal and parietal lobes
lateral sulcus
temporal and frontal lobe
Parieto-occipital sulcus
parietal and occipital lobes
brodmann’s areas
help us understand brains functions, diagnose disorders, plan surgeries, and guide rehabilitation
primary areas
receive and send sensory/motor information
secondary/association areas
interpret and process information
cerebellum function in movement control
coordinates timing and sequencing movement
scales muscle actions
maintain steadiness
controls movement errors
effects of cerebellar damage
errors in force, speed, timing, range and direction of movements
hypotonicity
cerebellar ataxia
ataxic dysarthria
location of thalamus
between cerebral cortex and above brainstem
role of thalamus
relay station for sensory and motor signals
transmitting info between different parts of brain
what is sensory and motor homunculus
representations of bodys sensory and motor functions on brains surface within somatosensory cortex and motor cortex
sensory homunculus location
in postcentral gyrus of parietal lobe within somatosensory cortex
sensory homunculus function
areas that receive sensory input from more sensitive body parts are represented by larger portions of sensory homunculus
motor homunculus location
in precentral gyrus within motor cortex
motor homunculus function
body parts that require more fine motor control have larger areas dedicated to them
