GRIEF SYSTEM Flashcards
What do fMRI studies suggest about physical pain and social pain?
They share common cognitive and neural systems in the brain
This suggests an evolutionarily adaptive setup for survival.
Why is the shared system of physical and social pain essential for young, dependent mammals?
It helps ensure they do not become separated from each other and vulnerable to danger
This is crucial for their survival.
Who has conducted extensive research on separation distress in non-human animals?
Panksepp and colleagues
Their research spans over 25 years.
What substances were found to alleviate cries of separation distress in various animals?
Opioid analgesics
Effective in dogs, guinea pigs, rats, primates, and even chicks.
Which neurotransmitters are involved in the GRIEF system?
Glutamate and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)
CRF activates the stress system and affects cortisol release.
What happens when CRF activates the stress system?
It indirectly results in the release of cortisol, reducing opioids
This process is part of the body’s response to stress.
What are the phases of behavior during separation?
Protest phase, despair phase, and detachment phase
Each phase reflects different emotional responses to separation.
What occurs during the protest phase of separation?
The juvenile is agitated and vocalizes to attract attention
This is aimed at getting the primary caretaker’s attention.
What is the despair phase characterized by?
Infants stop vocalizing and conserve energy by being still
This phase occurs if the primary caretaker does not arrive soon.
What is the detachment phase in human children?
They stop rejoicing in reunions
This phase is not observed in non-human animals.
True or False: The sub-cortical areas of the brain that regulate physical and social pain are evolutionarily ancient.
True
They are shared by all mammals.
What role do neuropeptides like prolactin and oxytocin play in emotional states?
They ameliorate separation distress and feelings of depression
These substances may lead to new pharmacological treatments.
People and animals learn the contexts and stimuli which include triggers that bring about a certain emotion, so they start showing that emotion simply by being exposed to the context. What do we call the resulting behaviors? IF it is specific to a location, what would we call such location?
Conditioned Emotional Responses, Poisoned Locations (an important aspect to remember when addressing separation related distress in animals)
