Green Questions Flashcards
Besides mass extinctions, what are 2 additional large scale processes that affect how groups of organisms arise, diversify, and fall over time?
Plate Tectonics and Adaptive Radiations
What is macroevolution?
Evolutionary change above the species level
What are 3 specific ways in which the fossil record tends to be biased toward certain species?
Favors hard shelled, abundant, and widespread organisms
When did the oxygen revolution occur, what transition does this correspond with, and what organisms were responsible?
2.5 bya during the transition from the Archaen to the Proterozoic, caused by plants
What type of feeding strategy appeared at the time of the Cambrian explosion?
Predetors emerged and started to eat smaller organisms
What is most likely the cause of the Permian Mass Extinction? , which caused high levels of CO2 and ocean acidification?
Massive volcanic eruptions that released CO2
What is the flaw in the argument:
“The human eye is an incredibly complex organ with many interdependent parts. Thus, it is unreasonable to hypothesize that this structure could have evolved in gradual increments.”
This assumes that complex organs are the only useful organs when simple organs are just as important
What are 2 similar morpholocigal features these animals (Australian Mole and North maerican mole) have that are analogous?2aaq2aw
4RDDE
Thick skin over the nose
Why is gene duplication so important for the process of evolution?
It increases the number of genes in the genome which provides for more opportunities for evolutionary changes
What is the definition of orthologous genes?
Genes that result from a speciation event between genes found in different species
What is the definition of paralogous genes?
Genes from duplication and multiple copies of the gene have diverged from one another within species
What is secondary endosymbiosis?
Ingested in the food vacuoles of heterotrophs and become endosymbionts
How many cells form a plasmodial slime mold and how is this possible?
1 cell due to mitotic nuclear divisions without cytokinesis
How does a plasmodial slime mold feed and what happens when it runs out of food?
Feeds via phagosytosis and when there is no more food it stops growing and sexually reproduces
What is the other major type of slime mold and how is it’s feeding stage different from plasmodial slime molds?
Cellular slime molds and they are different because their cells form a slug when there is no more food left and they move until they dry out
