Green PANCE book :) Flashcards
What is the first step in an accurate diagnosis of skin disease?
Thorough history!
What should be investigated as part of the history?
Past medical history, medication history, family history, psychological factors, recreational and employment risk, and diet and environmental/travel exposures
What is the Darier sign?
Rubbing a lesion causes urticarial flare
What is the Auspitz sign?
Pinpoint bleeding after a scale is removed
What is the Nikolsky sign?
Pushing a blister causes further separation of the dermis
What is the Photopatch test?
Documents photoallergy
Patch test?
Demonstrates hypersensitivity reaction
Koebner phenomenon?
Minor trauma leads to new lesions at site of trauma
How is Diascopy performed?
Glass slide or diascope pressed against the skin
What are the results of diascopy?
Blanching indicates intact capillaries; extravasated blood (purpura) does not blanch
What does a KOH prep affect?
Dissolves keratin and cellular material but does not affect fungi
What does KOH prep identify?
dermatophyte infection
How do you prepare a Potassium hydroxide preparation (KOH prep)?
Microscopic examination of skin scrapings mounted in KOH
What type of instruments facilitate specimen collections?
Blunt and sharp instruments
What type of examination is used to assess changes in pigment or fluoresce infectious lesions?
Wood’s light examination
What is the MAD criteria?
How to describe a lesion; M: morphology, A: arrangement, D: distribution
What is Shagreen skin?
Oval-shaped nevoid plague. Skin is colored or pigmented on the trunk or back and is associated with tuberous sclerosis
What is used to facilitate the examination of warts?
Acetowhitening using acetic acid
Which is indicated if pathologic confirmation is necessary?
Biopsy- excisional, incisional, shave or punch
Dilated, small, superficial blood vessel
Telangiectasia
What kind of light should the physical exam be carried out under?
Natural or direct lighting
Thickened skin with distinct borders, often result of excessive scratching or prolonged irritation
Lichenification
Swollen and softened by an increase in water content (appearance when skin left in water too long)
Macerated
Irregular, rough, and convoluted surfaces
Verrucous