Green Genes Short Answer Flashcards
Classification of an organism
Genus then species
eg. Homo sapiens
P= Cell Wall:
Gives the cell shape and structure
P= Cell membrane:
Regulates the diffusion of substances in and out of the cell
P= Vacuole
-Storage place for water and some sugars
-Pushes outwards to keep cell structure
P= Mitochondria
Uses glucose to make cellular energy
Chloroplast
Where photosynthesis occurs in a cell
Gives plants their green colour
Chlorophyll
Located within the thylakoid membrane
Chloroplast membrane
Semi-permeable to allow some molecules to pass through easily like CO2
Thylakoids
Where light energy is absorbed, contains green pigment. Chlorophyll is here and it is the site of light dependent photosynthesis.
Grana
Stacks of thylakoids to increase SA:Vol ratio of the thylakoid membrane
Stroma
Central cavity of a chloroplast that contains a clear fluid with appropriate enzymes (gather CO2). Site of light independent photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
The process by which a plant converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen gas for growth and respiration
Word equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + Water –> Glucose + Oxygen
(Catalysts are sunlight and chlorophyll)
Adaption of a plant for photosynthesis
Leaves have a thin, flat shape with a large surface area so that the maximum number of cells can be exposed to the light, resulting in better absorption of light.
Also more rapid diffusion of gasses in and out of the leaf
Leaves arranged on stem so as many leaves as possible get sunlight (staggered)
Waxy Cuticle
Transparent layer at leaf’s surface.
Reduces water loss from leaf, which is important as cells need water to photosynthesise.
