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Sci Olympiad > Green Generation Slideshow-based > Flashcards

Green Generation Slideshow-based Flashcards

1
Q

two types of growth curves

A
  1. exponential (unrestricted) growth
  2. Logistic (restricted) growth
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2
Q

the percentage of remaining survivors of a population over time; usually shown graphically

A

survivorship

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3
Q

most individuals live out their life span and die of old age (type of curve)

A

type 1 survivorship curve

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4
Q

individuals die at a constant rate (type of curve)

A

type 2 survivorship curve

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5
Q

most individuals die early in life (type of curve)

A

type 3 survivorship curve

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6
Q

chemicals that persist in the environment, bioaccumulate through the food web, and pose a risk of causing adverse effects to human health and the environment

A

persistent organic pollution (POPs)

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7
Q

dissolved and suspended solids as silt, salts, and minerals

A

inorganic pollution

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8
Q

heavy metals and other chemical compounds that are lethal to organisms

A

toxic pollution

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9
Q

waste heat from industrial and power generation processes

A

thermal pollution

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10
Q

radioactive
fallout can lead to radiation sickness and death
destroy environmental features and animal life

A

nuclear pollution

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11
Q

warming that results when the atmosphere traps heat radiating from Earth toward space

A

greenhouse effect

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12
Q

ozone layer is deteriorating due to the release of pollution containing the chemicals chlorine and bromine (chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs)

A

ozone depletion

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13
Q

conflict between individual interest and the common good
when individuals use a public good, they do not bear the entire cost of their actions

individuals with access to a public resource (also called a common) act in their own interest and, in doing so, ultimately deplete the resource

A

tragedy of the commons

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14
Q

Fast Fashion

A

leftover clothes harm the environment

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15
Q

Groundwater consumption

A

risk for water shortages increase

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16
Q

Overfishing

A

endanger fish populations

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17
Q

Coffee

A

Plants that produce coffee beans occupy rainforest space that farmers cut down for farms - habitat loss for a ton of plants and animals

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18
Q

Traffic Congestion

A

Air pollution increases - CO2 increases, causing greenhouse effect

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19
Q

the removal of pollution or contaminants from the environment

A

environmental remediation

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20
Q

using microbes to remove pollutants

A

bioremediation

21
Q

using existing information to help a community understand the property conditions by examining current and historical uses of the site and potential threats to human health or the environment
review records
review government databases
visually inspect the site
interview owners, neighbors, and past workers

A

phase 1 environmental site assessment

22
Q

recognized environmental conditions found on property
identify chemicals of concern
samples and test soil, groundwater and other media
further investigate areas of concern
develop plans for cleanup, if needed

A

phase 2 environmental site assessment

23
Q

excavation carried out underwater or partially underwater, in shallow or ocean waters

keeps waterways and ports navigable
protects & redevelopment coasts

A

dredging

24
Q

common method for cleaning up contaminated groundwater containing chemicals such as industrial solvents, metals and fuel oil

A

pump and treat

25
Q

a group of cleanup methods that prevent or slow the release of harmful chemicals from wastes, such as contaminated soil, sediment, and sludge

Solidification binds the waste in a solid block of material and traps it in place. Stabilization causes a chemical reaction that makes contaminants less likely to be leached into the environment.

A

solidification and stabilization

26
Q

environmental remediation technique used for soil and/or groundwater remediation to lower the concentrations of targeted environmental contaminants to acceptable levels

A

oxidation

27
Q

uses vacuum blowers and extraction wells to induce gas flow through the subsurface, collecting contaminated soil vapor, which is subsequently treated aboveground. SVE systems can rely on gas inflow through natural routes or specific wells may be installed for gas inflow (forced or natural)

carried out using simply water or electrolyte solutions, or strong acid solutions for nonlabile cations

A

soil vapor extraction

28
Q

biological systems enduring and remaining diverse and productive

A

sustainability

29
Q

1970
the comprehensive federal law that regulates air emissions from stationary and mobile sources

established National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect public health and public welfare and to regulate emissions of hazardous air pollutants

A

Clean Air Act (CAA)

30
Q

1972
establishes the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and regulating quality standards for surface waters

revision of Federal Water Pollution Control Act

A

Clean Water Act (CWA)

31
Q

1986
created to help communities plan for chemical emergencies
requires industry to report on the storage, use and releases of harzardous substances to federal, state, and local governments

A

Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA)

32
Q

1973
certain actions, including many pesticide registration actions, do not jeopardize federally threatened and endangered (i.e., listed) species or adversely modify their designated critical habitats

A

Endangered Species Act

33
Q

Federal statue that governs the registration, distribution, sale, and use of pesticide

A

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

34
Q

1966
provided the public the right to request access to records from any federal agency
required to disclose any information requested under the ____ unless it falls under one of nine exemptions which protect interests such as personal privacy, national security, and law enforcement

A

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)

35
Q

any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest, or intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant, or any nitrogen stabilizer

A

pesticide

36
Q

1970
requires federal agencies to assess the environmental effects of their proposed actions prior to making decisions
makes decisions on permit applications, adopts federal land management actions, and constructing highways and other publicly owned facilities

A

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

37
Q

1971
ensure worker and workplace safety

employers provide their workers a place of employment free from recognized hazards to safety and health, such as exposure to toxic chemicals, excessive noise levels, mechanical dangers, heat or cold stress, or unsanitary conditions

A

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)

38
Q

1990
prevent oil spills

trust fund financed by a tax on oil is available to clean up spills when the responsible party is incapable or unwilling to do so

requires oil storage facilities and vessels to submit to the Federal Government plans detailing how they will response to large discharges

A

Oil Pollution Act (OPA)

39
Q

1990
reducing the amount of pollution through cost-effective changes in production, operation, and raw material use

A

Pollution Prevention Act (PPA)

40
Q

1976
control hazardous waste from cradle to grave

generation, transportation, treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste

A

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

41
Q

1984 amendments to RCRA that focused on waste minimization and phasing land disposal of hazardous waste as well as corrective action for releases

A

Federal Hazardous and Soil Waste Amendments

42
Q

1974
protect drinking water
sets standards for drinking water quality and monitors states, local authorities, and water suppliers who enforce those standards

A

Safe Drinking Water Act

43
Q

1980
provides a Federal “Superfund” to clean up uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous-waste sites as well as accidents, spills, and other emergency releases of pollutants and contaminants into the environment

clean up contaminated sites

forces the parties responsible for the contamination to either perform cleanups or reimburse the government for EPA-led cleanup work

A

The Comprehesive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) (Superfund)

44
Q

1986
amended CERCLA
stressed the importance of permanent remedies and innovative treatment technologies in cleaning up hazardous waste sites
required to consider standards in other state laws
provided new enforcement authorities and settlement tools
increased State involvement
increased focus on human health problems
encouraged greater citizen participation
increased size of the trust fund to 8.5 Billion

A

Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA)

45
Q

1976
require reporting, record-keeping and testing requirements, and restrictions relating to chemical substances and/or mixtures.
production, importation, use, and disposal of specific chemicals includingPCBs, asbestos, radon and led-based paint

A

Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)

46
Q

independent executive agency of the US federal government that deals with environmental protection matters

A

United States Environmental Protection Agency
EPA - Environmental Protection Agency

47
Q

a fungal growth that forms and spreads on various kinds of damp or decaying organic matter

A

mold - 곰팡이

48
Q

group of manufactured chemicals that have been used in industry and consumer products

A

PFAS - Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

49
Q

mineral fiber that occurs in rock and soil

used in building construction materials

A

Asbestos

Sci Olympiad (4 decks)

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