Green crime:

Question 1

What do Situ and Emmons define as environmental crime?

Answer 1

An ‘unauthorised act or omission that violates law’

This definition emphasizes the legal aspect of environmental crime.

Question 2

Why is defining green crime problematic?

Answer 2

Not everyone agrees on the same definition and it changes country to country

This variability complicates the understanding and enforcement of green crime.

Question 3

What is transgressive green crime according to White?

Answer 3

Any action that harms the physical environment and any creatures that live within it, even if no law has technically been broken

This definition expands the scope of green crime beyond legal violations.

Question 4

Define ecocentric perspective in green crime.

Answer 4

Damage to the environment is damage to other species, putting the human race at risk in the future

This perspective emphasizes the interconnectedness of life.

Question 5

Define anthropocentric perspective in green crime.

Answer 5

Humans have the right to exploit the environment and other species for their own benefit, as long as humans aren’t affected

This viewpoint prioritizes human interests over environmental concerns.

Question 6

What constitutes primary green crime?

Answer 6

Direct result of the destruction and degradation of the planet’s resources, such as air pollution, deforestation, and species decline

Primary green crimes are often visible and immediate in their impact.

Question 7

What constitutes secondary green crime?

Answer 7

Crimes that are a result of breaking existing laws and regulations, such as hazardous waste disposal and environmental discrimination

These crimes involve legal violations that exacerbate environmental issues.

Question 8

What role does globalization play in green crime?

Answer 8

It is an important factor in understanding green criminology, as many green crimes cross national borders

Globalization complicates enforcement and accountability for environmental harm.

Question 9

List two reasons why green crime is significant on a global scale.

Answer 9

• The planet is a single ecosystem
• Green crime is often carried out by powerful interests, particularly transnational corporations

These reasons highlight the interconnected nature of environmental issues.

Question 10

Give an example of a major environmental disaster.

Answer 10

Bhopal disaster

This incident is one of the world’s worst industrial disasters, highlighting the risks of corporate negligence.

Question 11

What is the longest prison sentence served for environmental crime as of 2012?

Answer 11

27 months

This reflects the leniency often shown in the prosecution of environmental crimes.

Question 12

Identify one difficulty in policing green crime.

Answer 12

Very few local or international laws governing the environment

This lack of regulation makes enforcement challenging.

Question 13

What is a consequence of the lack of an agreed definition in green criminology?

Answer 13

It is difficult to study and assess the impact of green crime

The subjectivity involved can lead to greater value judgments.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: One problem in measuring green crime is the _______.

Answer 14

no single definition

This leads to inconsistencies in measurement and reporting.

Question 15

Fill in the blank: Laws differ between countries, leading to a lack of _______.

Answer 15

consistency

This inconsistency complicates the global understanding of green crime.

Question 16

True or False: Animals can report criminal activity related to green crime.

Answer 16

False

This creates challenges in identifying victims of green crimes.