Green Algae, Mosses, Club Mosses and Ferns Flashcards
How would embryos and reproductive structures with multicellular walls be a benefit?
to prevent dessication
All plants have:
alternation of generations life cycles, gamatangia and sporangia with multicellular walls, and embryos nourished and protected by a gamatophyte
Why are byrophytes restricted to moist environments?
they have flagellated sperm
what is the haploid generation of polytrychum called?
gametophyte -> produces gamates
what is the diploid generation of polytrychum called?
sporophyte -> produces spores
what is the function of the operculum?
protrects the entrance of the spore producing region of the sporangium
Antheridia
Male gamatangia
Archegonia
female gamatangia
How did plants prevent desiccation when they transitioned to land?
formed a cuticle and stomata
how did plants adapt to absorbing water and nutrients when they transitioned to land?
they formed roots and rhizoids, which lead to better anchorage and more efficient water absorption
how did plants adapt their transport of water and nutrients in their transition to land?
phloem (sugars) xylen (water and dissolved nutrients)
how did early plants evolve to support themselves in their transition to land?
they adapted to have cellulose AND lignin in their cell walls for extra rigidity
How did plants deal with adapting to dispersal in their transition to land?
Plant spores are covered in sporopollenin that is indestructible to microbial attacks and desiccation
What are the water conducting cells that are part of xylem?
tracheids
what are the sugar conducting cells that are part of phloem?
they are sieve elements
