greek/roman notes (General; from notes and WS)

Question 1

Common themes include:

Answer 1

1st parents are gods of the earth and sky;
creator gods create the human race from parts of the earth;
gods destroy at least 1 generation of mortals by causing a great flood;
death is followed by rebirth;
heroes are important to the society

Question 2

Common hero qualities include:

Answer 2

child of god & mortal OR 2 gods;
have an unusual birth; 
possess extraordinary strength or skill;
kill monsters/enemies with help of special weapons (usually from a god/goddess);
have an arduous journey;
descent to an underworld (of some type);
have an unusual death

Question 3

“Mythology” comes from the greek words meaning:

Answer 3

“storytelling”

Question 4

What are the greek words that make the word “mythology” and what do they mean?

Answer 4

"mythos" = an indisputable, universally agreed upon "word";
"logos" = open to debate

Question 5

Explanations for myths include:

Answer 5

found in all areas of the world - prototypes of human experience;
enlargements of facts (ex. Heinrich Schliemann–Troy);
explanations for natural events;
often thought of as propaganda to keep tribe members in line - taught people how to behave in society;
fertility myths taught people the importance of continuing the human race (mattered most to *matriarchal societies);
according to Carl Jung, “primordial images cast up from the depths of the collective unconscious” ;
encoded in our genes & contain archetypal symbolism (circles, floods, destruction, fertility)

Question 6

Some sources for G/R mythology include:

Answer 6

The Theogony (by Hesiod);
the Iliad & the Odyssey (by Homer);
Works (by Apollodorus)

Question 7

Name one of Cronus and Rhea’s individual (not a group) children

Answer 7

Zeus

Question 8

What was the war between the Titans and the Olympians called?

Answer 8

Titanomachy

Question 9

According to Hesiod, during waht age of man was it eternally spring and food was always abundant?

Answer 9

Gold

Question 10

During what age of man did men first make tools and weapons?

Answer 10

Bronze

Question 11

During what age of man did Hesiod say was his own generation?

Answer 11

Iron

Question 12

During what age of man did men begin to age and pain was felt?

Answer 12

Silver

Question 13

During what age of man were mortals more virtuous and noble and suffered no grief?

Answer 13

Heroes

Question 14

During what age did the Trojan war take place according to Hesiod?

Answer 14

Heroes

Question 15

Who were some big names of the Heroes age?

Answer 15

Hercules, Achilles, Jason, Theseus

Question 16

What age was similar to the Garden of Eden?

Answer 16

Gold

Question 17

During what age did mortals live along the shore of Oceanus?

Answer 17

Heroes

Question 18

During what age did shades go to the underworld?

Answer 18

Bronze

Question 19

During what age did selfishness first begin?

Answer 19

Silver

Question 20

During what age did mortals suffer grief and work every day?

Answer 20

Iron

Question 21

During what age did weather begin to change and there were different seasons?

Answer 21

Silver

Question 22

During what age did man learn how to grow food?

Answer 22

Silver

Question 23

During what age did man divide property and desire wealth?

Answer 23

Iron

Question 24

During what age did man only worship Ares?

Answer 24

Bronze

Question 25

What was Poseidon's Roman name?

Answer 25

Neptune

Question 26

What was Dionysus's Roman name?

Answer 26

Bacchus

Question 27

What was Hera's Roman name?

Answer 27

Juno

Question 28

Which Olympian was married to Amphitrite?

Answer 28

Poseidon

Question 29

Which Olympian was associated with dolphins and crows?

Answer 29

Apollo

Question 30

Which Olympian was associated with genealogy and inHERITAnce?

Answer 30

Hestia (sounds/looks similar to HERITA)

Question 31

Which Olympian was the son of Zeus and Maia?

Answer 31

Hermes

Question 32

Which Olympian was the son of Hera alone?

Answer 32

Hephaestus

Question 33

Which goddess represented Mother Earth (like Gaia and Rhea before her)?

Answer 33

Demeter

Question 34

Which Muse was associated with lyric poetry?

Answer 34

Euterpe

Question 35

Which Muse was associated with sacred songs?

Answer 35

Polyhymnia

Question 36

Which Muse was associated with history?

Answer 36

Cleo

Question 37

What group of beings were also referred to as the Eumenides?

Answer 37

Fates

Question 38

Which god was the son of Hypnos?

Answer 38

Morpheus (MORPHine is what you take to be drugged and/or put to sleep)

Question 39

Who was the goddess of the dawn?

Answer 39

Eos

Question 40

Who carried the caduceus that has today become a symbol of the medical profession?

Answer 40

Asclepius or Hermes

Question 41

Who was the god of the stars?

Answer 41

Astraeus

Question 42

Which sea god could foretell the future?

Answer 42

Proteus

Question 43

What were the nymphs of the mountains called?

Answer 43

Oreads

Question 44

What monster was a mixture of three animals (lion, goat, and snake)?

Answer 44

Chimaera

Question 45

What creatures pursued young women in the forests and looked like men with the haunches of a horse or a goat?

Answer 45

Satyrs

Question 46

Where was the Minotaur located?

Answer 46

the Labyrinth

Question 47

What was the name given to whirlpools in the ocean?

Answer 47

Charybdis

Question 48

What was the name given to the "Land of the Evening Star" ?

Answer 48

Hesperia

Question 49

What was the name of the River of Forgetfulness in Hades?

Answer 49

River Lethe

Question 50

gods of this Mgroup are ____morphic which means they are ?

Answer 50

Anthro(morphic); in the shape of humans

Question 51

The divine family is similar to h______ f______.

Answer 51

Human family

Question 52

In the __1__ vs __2__ story, Gaia convinces __3__ to make a __4__ and use it to cut of __5__'s genitals and throw pieces of him into the __6__ while he was __7__.

Answer 52

1-Gaia; 2-Uranus; 3-Cronus; 4-sickle; 5-Uranus; 6-ocean; 7-sleeping

Question 53

The C&R story causes a war between the gods and Titans that starts the 3rd generation is called ?

Answer 53

Titanomachy

Question 54

During war between gods and Titans Zeus goes and gets __1__ and __2__ from Tartarus to help after advice from __3__ to help win the war.

Answer 54

1-Cyclops; 2-Hecatonchieres/100-handed Giants; 3-Gaia

Question 55

in G/R 3rd Gen: for getting freedom from Zeus during the war between Titans and gods, the cyclops give __1__ the lightening bolt, __2__ the trident, and __3__ the invisibility cap.

Answer 55

1-Zeus; 2-Poseidon; 3-Hades

Question 56

in G/R 3rd Gen: 12 Olympians is a d___1___ and is under a new p___2___ system with Z__3__ instead of a m___4___ one.

Answer 56

1-Dodekatheon; 2-Patriarchal; 3-Zeus; 4-Matriarchal

Question 57

C__1__&R__2__story: first five children of the two (Hestia, Hera, Poseidon, Demeter, Hades) are each eaten in order when brought to their father; mom has #6 (__3__) and gets advice from __4__; mom hides #6 til he grows up by giving dad a wrapped up __5__; #6 grows up, attends banquet planned for dad by mom and gma, gives dad __6__ to make him __7__ __ the first five kids who are all now __8__ __.

Answer 57

1-Cronus; 2-Rhea; 3-Zeus; 4-Gaia; 5-rock; 6-drink; 7-throw up; 8-grown up