Greek/Latin Roots Flashcards
ac/acr
sharp, bitter, sour (acrimonious)
act/ag
to do, to drive, to force, to lead (agitate, pedagogue)
al/ali/alter
other, another (alien, altruist, alternative)
am
love (amorous)
ambl/ambul
to go, to walk (ambulance)
anim
of the life, mind, soul, breath (animal, unanimous)
annui/enni
year (annual)
aqua/aque
water (aquatic, aqueduct)
arch/archi/archy
chief, principal, ruler (monarchy, architect)
ard
to burn (arson, ardor)
be
about, to make, to surround, to affect [often used to transform words into transitive verbs] (belie, belittle)
bel/bell
beautiful (embellish)
bell
war (belligerent)
brev/brid
short, small (brevity)
burs
purse, money (bursar)
cad/cid
to fall, to happen by chance (accident, coincidence)
cant/cent/chant
to sing (accent, incantation)
cap/cip/cept
to take, to get (anticipate, capture)
cap/capit/cipit
head, headlong (capital)
card/cord/cour
heart (cordial, cardiac)
carn
flesh (carnal, carnivore)
cast/chast
to cut (castigate)
caus/caut
to burn (caustic)
ced/ceed/cess
to go, to yield, to stop (recede)
celer
speed (accelerate)
cern/cert/cret/crim/crit
to separate, to judge, to distinguish, to decide (certify)
chrom
color (chromatic)
chron
time (chronological)
circu/circum
around (circumference)
cis
to cut (scissors)
cla/clo/clu
to shut, to close (exclude)
claim/clam
to shout, to cry out (exclaim)
cli
to lean toward (incline)
co/col/com/con
with, together (conference)
cogn/conn
to know (recognize)
contra/contro/counter
against (contrary)
corp/cors
body (corpulent)
cosm
order, universe, world (cosmopolitan)
cour/cur
running, a course (excursion)
cre/cresc/cret
to grow (accrue)
cred
to believe, to trust (credulity)
crypt
hidden (apocryphal)
cub/cumb
to lie down (recumbent)
culp
fault, blame (culprit)
dac/doc
to teach (indoctrinate)
de
away, off, down, completely, reversal (defame)
dele
to erase (delete)
dem
people (demographics)
dext
right hand, right side, deft (dexterity)
di
day (diary)
di/dia
in two, through, across (dichotomy)
di/dif/dis
away from, apart, reversal, not (dilate)
dict/dict/dit
to say, to tell, to use words (dictionary)
dign
worth (dignity)
dog/dox
opinion (orthodox)
dol
to suffer, to pain, to grieve (condolence)
don/dot/dow
to give (donate)
dorm
sleep (dormitory)
dors
back (dorsal)
dub
doubt (dubious)
duc/duct
to lead (abduct)
dulc
sweet (dulcimer)
dur
hard, lasting (duration)
dys
faulty, abnormal (dysfunctional)
e/ex
out, out of, from, former, completely (exclude)
ego
self (egoism)
em/en
in, into (enclose)
epi
upon (epidermis)
equ
equal, even (equation)
err
to wander (erratic)
esce
becoming (adolescent)
eu
good, well (euphemism)
extra
outside, beyond (extract)
fab/fam
to speak (famous)
fac/fic/fig/fait/feit/fy
to do, to make (counterfeit)
fal
to err, to deceive (false)
fatu
foolish (infatuated)
fer
to bring, to carry, to bear (offer)
ferv
to boil, to bubble (fervor)
fi/fid
faith, trust (infidel)
fin
end (final)
flagr/flam
to burn (inflame)
flect/flex
to bed, to turn (flexible)
flu/flux
to flow (fluid)
fore
before (foresight)
fort
chance (fortune)
fort
strength (fortify)
fra/frac/frag/fring
to break (fracture)
fug
to flee, to fly (fugitive)
fulg
to shine (effulgent)
fum
smoke (perfume)
fus
to pour (profuse)
gen
birth, creation, race, kind (gender)
gn/gno
to know (diagnose)
grad/gress
to step (progress)
gram/graph
to write, to draw (grammar)
grat
pleasing (grateful)
greg
flock (congregate)
hap
by chance (mishap)
her/hes
to stick (adhesive)
hol
whole (holistic)
hum
earth (humility)
hyper
over, excessive (hyperbole)
icon
image, idol (iconic)
it/iter
way, journey (transit)
ject
to throw, to throw down (abject)
joc
joke (jocular)
join/jug/junct
to meet, to join (conjugal)
jour
day (adjourn)
jud
to judge (prejudice)
jur
law, to swear (perjury)
juv
young (rejuvenate)
lang/ling
tongue (bilingual)
laud
praise, honor (laudable)
lav/lau/lu
to wash (dilute)
lax/leas/les
loose (laxative)
lec/leg/lex
to read, to speak (lectern)
lect/leg
to select, to choose (elect)
lev
to left, to rise, light in terms of weight (alleviate)
li/lig
to tie, to bind (liable)
liber
free (liberate)
loc/log/loqu
word, speech, thought (dialogue)
luc/lum/lus
light in terms of brightness (illustrious)
lud/lus
to play (prelude)
man/manu
hand (manual)
mand/mend
to command, to order, to entrust (demand)
min
to project, to hang over (prominent)
mis/mit
to send (transmit)
misc
mixed (promiscuous)
mob/mom/mot/mov
to move (immovable)
moll
soft (mollify)
mon/mont
to remind, to warn (admonish)
mor/mort
death (immortal)
morph
shape (metamorphosis)
mut
to change (immutable)
nat/nas/nai/gna
birth (nascent)
nau/nav
ship, sailor (circumnavigate)
nihil
nothing, none (annihilate)
noc/nox
harm (innocent)
noct/nox
night (nocturnal)
nom
rule, order (economy)
nom/nym/noun/nown
name (anonymous)
nounc/nunc
to announce (renounce)
nov/neo/nou
new (novice)
null
nothing (annul)
oner
burden (onus)
oss/oste
bone (ossify)
pac/peac
peace (appease)
palp
to feel (palpable)
par
equal (apartheid)
pas/pat/path
feeling, suffering, disease (compassion, sociopath)
pau/po/pov/pu
few, little, poor (impoverish)
pec
money (impecunious)
ped
child, education (pedant)
ped/pod
foot (pedal)
pel
to drive, to push (compel)
pen/pun
to pay, to compensate (penalty)
pen/pene
almost (penultimate)
pend/pens
to hang, to weight, to pay (appendix)
per
completely (peruse)
peri
around (periscope)
pet/pit
to go, to seek, to strive (compete)
phil
love (bibliophile)
phob
fear (xenophobia)
phon
sound (phonetics)
photo
light (photosynthesis)
plac
to please (implacable)
ple/plen
to fill, full (complete)
plex/plic/ply
to fold, twist, tangle, or bend (complex)
pon/pos/pound
to put, to place (expose)
port
to carry (import)
post
behind, after (posterity)
pot
to drink (potable)
pre
before, in front (precedent)
prehend/prise
to take, to get, to seize (apprehend)
prob
to prove, to test (reprobate)
pug
to fight (pugnacious)
punc/pung/poign
to point, to prick, to pierce (puncture)
pyr
fire (pyrotechnics)
que/quis
to seek (conquest)
quie/quit
quiet, rest (tranquil)
raci/radi
root (eradicate)
rami
branch (ramification)
re
back, again (reorganize)
rect
straight, right (direct)
reg
king, rule (regiment)
rid/ris
to laugh (risible)
rog
to ask (surrogate)
rud
crude (erudite)
sacr/sanct
holy (sacrifice)
sag/sap/sav
taste, thinking, discerning (savant)
sal/sil/sault/sult
to leap, to jump (assault)
sal
salt (saline)
salue
health (salutary)
salv
to save (salvation)
san
healthy (sanitary)
sang
blood (sanguinary)
sat
enough (dissatisfied)
sci
to know (conscious)
scribe/script
to write (ascribe)
se
apart, away (secede)
sec/sequ/sue/sui
to follow (sequence)
sed/sess/sid
to sit, to settle (preside)
sem
seed, to sow (disseminate)
sen
old (senile)
sens/sent
to feel, to be aware (sentiment)
sin/sinu
bend, fold, curve (insinuate)
sol
alone (isolate)
sol
sun (parasol)
somn
sleep (insomnia)
soph
wisdom (sophisticated)
sourc/surg/surrect
to rise (insurrection)
spec/spic
to look, to see (retrospective)
spir
beath (spirit)
sta/sti
to stand, to be in place (obstinate)
strict/string/stran
to tighten, to bind (restriction)
sua
sweet, pleasing, to urge (persuade)
summ
highest, total (summary)
tac/tic
to be silent (taciturn)
tact/tag/tam/tang
to touch (contact)
tain/ten/tent/tin
to hold (detain)
tend/tens/tent/tenu
to stretch, to thin (attenuate)
test
to bear witness (contest)
theo
god (atheist)
therm
heat (thermostat)
tim
fear (intimidate)
tor/torq/tort
to twist (distort)
torp
stiff, numb (torpid)
tox
poison (intoxication)
tract
to drag, to pull, to draw (abstract)
ult
last, beyond (ultimatum)
umbr
shadow (somber)
und
wave (inundate)
urb
city (suburb)
us/ut
to use (abuse)
vail/val
strength, use, worth (valid)
ven/vent
to come or to move toward (intervene)
ver
truth (verdict)
verb
word (verbose)
verd
green (verdant)
vers/vert
to turn (avert)
vi
life (vivacity)
vid/vis
to see (evident)
vil
base, mean (vilify)
viru
poison (virus)
voc/vok
call, word (vocation)
vol
wish (voluntary)
volu/volv
to roll, to turn (evolve)
vor
to eat (voracious)
