Greece Test Flashcards
Explain how the following influenced the development of Greek Civilization.
Seas
- Made trade easier
- Sea travel and trade linked Greece with other
- Important because of lack of resources
Explain how the following influenced the development of Greek Civilization.
-Land
- Very mountainous
- Rocky soil and mountains-> limit food grow-> trade and limited population
- 3/4 of Greece is mountains
- Transportation was difficult, city-states developed separately
- Affect diet and population
Explain how the following influenced the development of Greek Civilization.
-Climate
- Mediterranean climate, warm and sunny most of the year -> they went outside a lot
- Mediterranean= modern temperatures, rain in winter
- Outdoor life, spent most of time at the agora (Greek marketplace, central place of Greece
Describe what life was like for the people who lived on the island of Crete.
- Leisurely, luxurious life.
- Palaces without walls-> very safe
How did those people get the name of Minoans?
After their king, Minos
Who lived on the mainland of Greece? How did they get their name?
Mycenaeans. They were named after their leading city, Mycenae
Describe life for the people who lived on the mainland of Greece.
The Mycenaeans
- lived with a thick wall to protect them that could withstand any attack.
- A warrior king ruled the surrounding villages and farms and strong rulers controlled the areas around other Mycenaean cities,
- Sailed through eastern Eastern Mediterranean and
- Adapted the Minoan writing system to the Greek language and decorated vases with Minoan designs.
- Minoan- influenced culture of Mycenae formed the core of Greek religious practices, art, politics, and literature
Who fought in the Trojan War? and Who won?
The Mycenaeans and Troy (an independent trading city in Anatolia) fought the Trojan war.
-The Greeks won and crushed Troy
What were they fighting over?
Myth: Trojan prince had kidnapped Helen, the beautiful wife of the Greek king
Reality: War happened, they probably fought over trade
Who wrote the story of the Trojan War? Did he tell it truthfully?
Homer (blind storyteller) wrote the story of the Trojan war in his story the Illiad. He probably was biased and most likely exaggerated the Greek side of the story, but probably mostly true
Who tried to prove that the Trojan War actually happened?
Heinrich Schliemann who suggested that the stories of the Trojan War might have been based on real cities, people, and events. More archaeological studies done in the 20th century supports his findings
When did the Olympic Games start and why did they start?
The Olympic games started in 776 BC. The Ancient Greeks believed that strong healthy citizens helped strengthen the city-states and so they did the Olympics to honor their gods
Who did they worship and why?
They worshipped the Gods and goddesses of Olympus, including Zeus and Hera and everything else. They worshipped them because they believed that the gods and goddesses controlled certain aspects of life including wisdom, thunder, weather, hunting, etc
What kind of government did the Greeks have? Why was it set up this way?
Participatory government style so that everybody has a say in what to do
Describe the Greek army, weapons, and soldiers in the Iron Age. How did this help pass
the power from kings to citizens?
In the iron age,
Army- Phalanx, hoplites (citizen soldiers that fought on foot), citizens were soldiers, large military
Weapons- Iron stuff because the soldiers were mainly citizens and Iron was strong and cheap- they couln’t afford bronze
Soldiers: mainly regular citizens
Power from kings to CItizens: in the Bronze age, only the rich could afford to buy armour and weapons so iron contributed to the downfall of aristocracy. Iron was strong, plentiful, and cheap so the common man could have weapons and fight and so they could fight back against their kings if they wanted to, gave the citizens the power to rebel.
Who were the Hoplites? What were they known for?
The Hoplites were citizen-soldiers that could now afford weapons
They were known for fighting on foot
-Large military
Who were the tyrants? and how did they come to power?
Tyrants were powerful individuals, usually nobles or wealthy citizens sometimes seized control of the government by appealing to the common people for support. Looked upon as leaders who would work for the interests of the ordinary people
-positive/neutral meaning
Who were the Spartans? What were they like?
The Spartans were a greek city-state that were very militaristic
- They were known for their powerful military
- They were very uniform, win or die trying, no surrender/retreat, only the strong survive. Women were the most free anywhere at the time. Women had sorts, some military training ran family estates had rights. Valued strenth, duty, dicipline, military. Helots
