Greece Day 5 (Persian Empire)

Question 1

Where is Persia located?

Answer 1

-North of Persian gulf
-Modern day Iran

Question 2

What is the capital of Persia?

Answer 2

Persepolis

Question 3

Who was the first king of Persia? Was he nice or not nice

Answer 3

Cyrus the Great/1st (nice)

Question 4

List the significant things the first king of Persia did/believed in

Answer 4

• “empire of tolerance” : very tolerant of those they conquered (considered equals)
  -freed the Hebrews
  -when taking over cities he respected religions and governments already established

Question 5

Who was the second king of Persia? Was he nice or not nice

Answer 5

Darius 1 (not nice)

Question 6

What did the second king of Persia do/establish?

Answer 6

-expanded empire
-set up common weights and measurements
-established imperial bureaucracy
-established royal road

Question 7

Imperial Bureaucracy (who established it and what is it)

Answer 7

-established by King Darius 1
-divided Persia into provinces (like states)

Question 8

Royal Road (who established it and what is it)

Answer 8

-established by King Darius 1
-connected the heart of the empire
-helped with travel

Question 9

What religion is practiced in Persia?

Answer 9

Zoroastrianism

Question 10

List important beliefs of Zoroastrianism

Answer 10

-oldest monotheistic religion
-dualistic

Question 11

Dualistic

Answer 11

battle between cosmic good and evil
-i.e. heaven and hell (from zoroastrianism)

Question 12

Who is Herodotus?

Answer 12

-Wrote “the Histories”
-First to write a book for the purpose of recording history
-Called father of History

Question 13

What is the book “the Histories” about?

Answer 13

History of the Persian Wars

Question 14

How did the Persian War begin?

Answer 14

-Greek regions known as Ionia were conquered by Persians
-Ionians wanted independence
-Athens offered help
-Ionian Revolt began

Question 15

Battle of Marathon

Answer 15

Greek won!!
-Greeks held Persians off for 3 days by using phalanx formation
-Pheidippides (Greek messenger) was sent from Marathon to Athens (about 25 miles - a marathon) to announce Persia’s defeat

Question 16

Battle of Thermopylae

Answer 16

Persians won
-7,000 Greeks v.s. 120,000 - 300,000 Persians
-Legendary last stand of 300 Spartans (heroic persistence)

Question 17

Battle of Salamis

Answer 17

Greeks won!!
-Naval battle
-Persia was pushing into Greece, so Greece lured them into the narrows of Salamis and sunk 300 of their ships
-First major naval battle in history

Question 18

Battle of Plataea

Answer 18

Greeks won!! End of war :)
-Persians all left except for one general
-Greeks won due to success of hoplite and phalanx (even though they had a smaller army)

Question 19

Who won the Persian War??

Answer 19

Greece!! :)

Question 20

Describe the relationship between Athens and Sparta after the Persian war. What did this cause them to do?

Answer 20

-Athens and Sparta teamed up against their common enemy (Persia), but still don’t like each other
-Formed two leagues

Question 21

Describe the two leagues formed in Greece

Answer 21

-Athens: Delian League
-Sparta: Peloponnesian League

Question 22

After the Persian War, which Greek city-states became the most powerful?

Answer 22

Athens and Sparta

Question 23

After the Persian War, what did Athens experience?

Answer 23

Athens would experience a Golden Age due to the development of government and culture