Great Vessels

Question 0

Which arteries carry deoxygenated blood?

Answer 0

pulmonary arteries

Question 1

Name the layers of an artery, deepest to most superficial

Answer 1

tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventicia

Question 2

Where does the aorta pierce the diaphragm?

Answer 2

aortic hiatus, T12

Question 3

Where is the aortic hiatus?

Answer 3

T12

Question 4

Where does the aorta bifurcate?

Answer 4

L4/umbilicus

Question 5

List the major arteries that branch from the aorta, from proximal to distal

Answer 5

Celiac trunk/axis, 
R/L adrenal/suprarenal arteries, 
SMA, 
R/L renal arteries, 
IMA, 
R/L gonadal arteries, 
R/L common iliac arteries

Question 6

How long is the celiac axis?

Answer 6

1 cm

Question 7

How does the celiac axis branch from the aorta?

Answer 7

anteriorly

Question 8

Which three vessels branch from the celiac axis?

Answer 8

common hepatic artery, left gastric artery, splenic artery

Question 9

Which two vessels branch from the common hepatic artery?

Answer 9

hepatic artery proper, gastroduodenal artery

Question 10

Where does the common hepatic artery travel?

Answer 10

right lateral towards the liver

Question 11

Where does the splenic artery travel and what does it supply?

Answer 11

left lateral along superior aspect of the pancreas to supply the spleen and tail of the pancreas

Question 12

Where does the left gastric artery travel?

Answer 12

superiorly, then along the inferior curvature of the stomach

Question 13

adrenal arteries, aka

Answer 13

suprarenal arteries

Question 14

suprarenal arteries, aka

Answer 14

adrenal arteries

Question 15

Which artery branches off the celiac axis superiorly, then along the lesser curvature of the stomach?

Answer 15

left gastric artery

Question 16

How do the suprarenal arteries branch from the aorta?

Answer 16

obliquely, laterally and superiorly

Question 17

How does the SMA branch from the aorta?

Answer 17

anteriorly

Question 18

Which artery is second to branch off anteriorly from the proximal aorta?

Answer 18

SMA

Question 19

SMA supplies which areas?

Answer 19

small intestine, ascending colon, right and mid transverse colon

Question 20

Which is the third major branch from the aorta?

Answer 20

SMA

Question 21

Which is the second major branch from the aorta?

Answer 21

R/L suprarenal arteries

Question 22

Where does the SMA travel?

Answer 22

first anteriorly, then hooks and travels inferiorly

Question 23

Which is longer: the right renal artery or the left?

Answer 23

right

Question 24

How does the right renal artery travel?

Answer 24

right lateral, posterior to the IVC

Question 25

What is unique about the positions of the RRA with respect to the LRA?

Answer 25

RRA travels slightly inferior to the level of the LRA due to position of the liver

Question 26

Which is the fourth major branch off the aorta?

Answer 26

R/L renal arteries

Question 27

How do the renal arteries branch from the aorta?

Answer 27

laterally

Question 28

Which set of paired arteries branch from the anterior aspect of the aorta?

Answer 28

gonadal arteries

Question 29

ovarian arteries, aka

Answer 29

gonadal arteries

Question 30

testicular arteries, aka

Answer 30

gonadal arteries

Question 31

gonadal arteries, aka

Answer 31

ovarian/testicular arteries

Question 32

How do the gonadal arteries travel?

Answer 32

obliquely, inferiorly and laterally

Question 33

What is the fifth major branch from the aorta?

Answer 33

gonadal arteries

Question 34

What is the sixth major branch from the aorta?

Answer 34

IMA

Question 35

IMA supplies which areas?

Answer 35

descending colon, left transverse colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

Question 36

Which artery supplies the small intestine, ascending colon, right and mid transverse colon?

Answer 36

SMA

Question 37

Which artery supplies the spleen and tail of the pancreas?

Answer 37

splenic artery

Question 38

Which artery supplies the left transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum?

Answer 38

IMA

Question 39

At what location does the IMA branch from the aorta?

Answer 39

L3

Question 40

How do the common iliac arteries travel?

Answer 40

inferiorly and laterally

Question 41

Where do the common iliac arteries branch from the aorta?

Answer 41

the aortic bifurcation/L4/umbilicus

Question 42

What two arteries are formed from the aortic bifurcation?

Answer 42

R/L iliac arteries

Question 43

Do most major aortic branches sit anterior or posterior to their venous counterparts? What is the exception?

Answer 43

posterior, except the common iliac arteries

Question 44

Do most tributaries to the IVC sit anterior or posterior to their arteriole counterparts? What is the exception?

Answer 44

anterior, except the common iliac veins

Question 45

Which layer of the vessel wall is thicker in arteries vs veins?

Answer 45

tunica media, far more muscular

Question 46

Where does the IVC supply?

Answer 46

right side of the heart

Question 47

Which veins carry oxygenated blood?

Answer 47

pulmonary veins

Question 48

Where does the IVC pierce the diaphragm?

Answer 48

T8

Question 49

Which great vessels pierce the diaphragm at T8 & T12?

Answer 49

IVC @ T8, AO @T12

Question 50

Compare the appearance of the IVC vs AO with ultrasound

Answer 50

AO travels a straighter path, vessel walls more muscular and therefore more echogenic IVC far more compressible, varying calibre, more tortuous path, vessel walls not as echogenic

Question 51

Where do the common iliac veins join to form the IVC?

Answer 51

L4

Question 52

List the tributaries of the IVC, distal to proximal

Answer 52

``` R/L common iliac veins, right gonadal vein only, R/L renal veins, right adrenal vein only, R/M/L hepatic veins ```

Question 53

Where do the left gonadal and adrenal veins drain to?

Answer 53

left renal vein

Question 54

Which veins drain into the left renal vein?

Answer 54

left gonadal and suprarenal veins

Question 55

Where do the hepatic veins drain into the IVC?

Answer 55

just inferior to the diaphragm (T8)

Question 56

Where does the aortic bifurcation occur?

Answer 56

L4/umbilicus

Question 57

Which is more posterior in the midline, SMA or LRV?

Answer 57

Left renal vein