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History > Great depression and new deal study questions > Flashcards

Great depression and new deal study questions Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a fad, what fads emerged in the 1920s

A

-extremely popular things, but only for a short time
-ex:mini golf, pole sitting, crossword puzzles

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2
Q

What new innovations change the way people spent their free time?

A

Radios, movies

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3
Q

What celebrities emerged in the 1920s?

A

Charlie Chaplin, Babe Ruth, Amelia Earhart,

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4
Q

What was happening to peoples incomes in the 1920s?

A

Incomes were going up, (for the Rich) -
-disposable income (spending $$ after basic needs)

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5
Q

What is buying on margin? How did it lead into trouble?

A

-Borrowing money to buy stock

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6
Q

What were the selling points of buying on margin?

A

That you could strike it Rich 

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7
Q

How was the stock market prior to October 1929

A

Everyone was making money (fake, most was borrowed)
-bull market (good)

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8
Q

What was black Tuesday? What was the results? How are people affected?

A

-October 29, 1929, stock market CRASHED
—people panicked about stock going down —-> many sold their stock (now worth 0)

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9
Q

What happened to the Banking Industry as a result of the stock market crash?

A

-Suffered major losses, had to close
-Weren’t repaid loans, many try to get loans but bank couldn’t handle them

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10
Q

How did businesses react to the economic crisis? How did this affect workers? What was the unemployment rate during the great depression?

A

Cut producing and layoff workers
24% of adult Americans = NO JOB

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11
Q

Recession

A

A decrease in economic output

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12
Q

Depression

A

A recession that is SEVERE or last for a long time

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13
Q

What were Hooverville’s?

A

People who built shelters because they had to leave their homes, cardboard (named after president hoover)

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14
Q

How did the Great Depression affect minorities? Women?

A

First to be laid off, easier to keep low paying jobs

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15
Q

Who was the president when the stock market crashed? his reaction?

A

Herbert Hoover (R)
-wanted gov to stay hands off

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16
Q

How did the depression affect farmers?

A

Struggling even before (1920’s)
No profit, low prices
Dust bowl

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17
Q

Bonus army

A

A group of veterans that want the government to immediately give the bonus (rioting and protesting)

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18
Q

Franklin D Roosevelt

A

Democrat, won 1932 election, elected 4 times

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19
Q

New Deal

A

A series of government programs (By FDR) to try and help pull the US out of the depression

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20
Q

How did FDR try to address the bank crisis?

A

-Closes ALL banks
-only opens the stable ones
- emergency banking act

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21
Q

FDIC

A

Federal, Deposit, Insurance, Corporation: ensures peoples deposits, even if a bank closes

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22
Q

SEC

A

Regulated stock market and monitored

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23
Q

21st amendment

A

Made alcohol legal again (tax profit and jobs)

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24
Q

Public works administration

A

Federal money going to construction projects (schools, bridges) to CREATE JOBS

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25
Q

Agricultural adjustment act

A

Government paid farmers to not go certain crops, we didn’t need anymore of

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26
Q

Why did people business leaders criticize the new deal?

A

Said it took away from capitalism, beginning of socialism

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27
Q

Civilization conservation corps

A

Army style camps for young men to work, (Build Roads, telephone poles) and they send money back to their family

28
Q

Tennessee Valley Authority

A

Federally, funded dam projects, brought electricity to the farmers

29
Q

Works progress administration

A

Government employed teachers, writers, Factory work (some more people could have jobs)

30
Q

Social Security act

A

A tax workers pay, when you turn 65 you get a retirement check for doing so

31
Q

What three voting blocks helped FDR when in 1936

A

African-Americans, southern, farmers, labor unions

32
Q

What was the issue with FDR and the Supreme Court?

A

-Supreme Court was declaring his new deals laws unconstitutional, so he wanted to court pack (add 6 members of his choosing, so they would pass)

33
Q

Speculation

A

Gambling stock prices, no basis in reality (unrealistic stock)

34
Q

Business cycle

A

Periodic growth and contraction of the economy

35
Q

Hawley-Smoot tariff

A

Raise prices on foreign imports, so they couldn’t compete in market

36
Q

What problems plagued the agricultural sector?

A

Increased, harvest yields
Buying expensive tractors/equipment ——-> debt (rural depression, can’t keep up with market)

37
Q

What were the problems with easy credit?

A

People became in mass that because of expensive things they bought (cars, radios, appliances)

38
Q

How did the depression go global

A

Hawley-Smoot tariff
World shakey economy
The international economy couldn’t be funded by US anymore

39
Q

Bread line

A

Hand out lines from charities

40
Q

Tenant farmers

A

Farmers, working for bigger landowners than themselves

41
Q

Okies

A

Dust bowl refugees

42
Q

How did poverty devastate rural America? 

A

FARMERs lost money and farms

43
Q

How did desperation cause migration

A

People migrated from south/Midwest to find jobs opportunities

44
Q

How did the depression attack family life?

A

Parents try hard to provide for family, family discipline declined

45
Q

How did minorities suffer hardships

A

They lost their jobs first

46
Q

Localism

A

Policy were problems could be solved at local levels

47
Q

Trickle down economics

A

Theory that money paused at the most wealthy, and trickled down to the poorest

48
Q

Eleanor Roosevelt

A

FDR’s wife (First Lady)
Involved with public affairs

49
Q

Charles Coughlin

A

Catholic priest, who said FDR wasn’t doing enough about the depression, against New Deal

50
Q

Huey Long

A

Senator, who said, “share our wealth” against new deal

51
Q

How did FDR try to put together a winning team?

A

Brain trust: a group of influential men and women

52
Q

How did conservatives react to FDR’s new deal?

A

Said Gov was way too involved
That it destroys, free enterprise

53
Q

How did FDR’s new deal go over with the far left and populists

A

Angry that it didn’t fully stop the depression (FDR only cares about banking system)

54
Q

John Maynard Keynes

A

British economist that argued deficit spending was needed to end the depression

55
Q

Pump priming

A

The theory of John Maynard Keynes

56
Q

How did FDR try to provide more aid to farmers

A

By giving electricity to isolated rule areas, so farmers could work longer

57
Q

How did worker scan you right? How did they use the rights?

A

Gain rights to collective bargaining ‘
Unions and workers negotiated about hours, wages, and work conditions

58
Q

Black cabinet

A

The president invited African-American leaders to advise him

59
Q

New Deal Coalition

A

Legendary, political skills, united on unlikely American Groups

60
Q

Welfare state

A

A program where “everyone in the country is included”

61
Q

How did the new deal create a new political Coalition?

A

By talking to a diverse group to make things equal

62
Q

How did the new DL be to the government playing a larger role in the economy?

A

Became employers to the unemployed, help spread economic growth

63
Q

How did the new deal affect the environment?

A

The dust bowl was also ended by hard work, preserved environment

64
Q

How did the new deal create a welfare state?

A

Americans receive direct benefits from government, the new deal established that the government was responsible for the care of US citizens

65
Q

How did the new deal change the nature of the presidency?

A

Executive branch gained more power, presidential power grew to balance the other branches of government, many new federal agencies were created

History (3 decks)

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