Grays Qs

Question 1

communicating hydrocephalus

Answer 1

inadequate drainage through arachnoid granulations into superior sagittal sinus (into venous system)

Question 2

location of superior sagittal sinus

Answer 2

attaches anteriorly to cristal galli

Question 3

inferior division of occulomotor n

Answer 3

inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique

Question 4

epidural hematoma

Answer 4

damage to middle meningeal artery & vessels

Question 5

subdural hematoma

Answer 5

tear of cerebral v in superior sagittal sinus

Question 6

nucleus ambiguus

Answer 6

efferent nerve fibers of vagus nerve

Question 7

lateral pterygoid muscle

Answer 7

protrude the mandible & open the jaw

Question 8

papilladema

Answer 8

optic disc swelling

Question 9

conjunctival covering of sclera innvervation

Answer 9

nasociliary branch of opthalmic division of trigeminal n (to block-put needle thru upper eyelid toward orbital apex)

Question 10

superior salivatory nucleus

Answer 10

contains neural cell bodies whose axons synapse in pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 11

infection of scalp

Answer 11

usually in loose CT layer so can spread to a sinus via emissary veins

Question 12

sigmoid sinus

Answer 12

starts beneath temporal bone & joins inferior petrosal sinus to form jugular vein

Question 13

development of thyroid gland

Answer 13

as an outpouch from floor of primitive pharynx (temporarily connected to tongue @ foramen cecum by thyroglossal duct)

Question 14

masseter m

Answer 14

powerful elevator of mandible

Question 15

what does CN IX innervate?

Answer 15

oropharyngeal mucosa, pharynx, auditory tube, middle ear

Question 16

block hiatus of maxillary sinus

Answer 16

middle meatus

Question 17

sphenoidal sinus

Answer 17

most direct access to pituitary gland

Question 18

where is the pharyngeal tonsil?

Answer 18

in pharyngeal recess in nasopharynx behind opening of auditory tube

Question 19

what does the greater palatine N innervate?

Answer 19

hard palate & roof of mouth (sensory nerves from V2)

Question 20

lesser palatine nerve

Answer 20

branch of CN V2

Question 21

greater petrosal nerve

Answer 21

branch of CN VII (parasympathetics to lacrimal gland)

Question 22

lesser petrosal nerve

Answer 22

from CN IX-parasympathetic preganglionic fibers from tympanic plexus to parotid gland

Question 23

Edinger westphal nucleus

Answer 23

cell bodies of preganglionic parasymp neurons carried by CN III

Question 24

no adduction of L eye & no L eye corneal reflex

Answer 24

lesion @ superior orbital fissure

Question 25

deep petrosal nerve

Answer 25

sympathetic innervation to blood vessels & mucous glands of head & neck

Question 26

inferior orbital fissure

Answer 26

V2, infraorbital vessels & branches of pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 27

what passes thru foramen ovale?

Answer 27

lesser petrosal N, V3, accessory middle meningeal As & emissary veins

Question 28

what type of fibers does chorda tympani carry?

Answer 28

parasympathetics (preganglionic) to submandibular & sulingual glands

Question 29

what forms the straight sinus?

Answer 29

inferior sagittal sinus & great cerebral vein

Question 30

auriculotemporal N

Answer 30

branch of V3, encircles middle meningeal A & courses medially to TMJ & ascends up near auricle, supplies TMJ & skin of external auditory canal

Question 31

what supplies sensory innervation to nasal cavity?

Answer 31

opthalmic & maxillary divisions of CN V

Question 32

otic ganglion

Answer 32

location of post ganglionic parasymp neural cell bodies innervating parotid gland (lies on V3 near foramen ovale)

Question 33

corneal reflex

Answer 33

afferent is nasociliary N (branch of V1) & efferent is CN VII to close the eye (blink)

Question 34

nasal septum anast

Answer 34

septal branches of sphenopalatine A & superior labial As

Question 35

what can midline incision below isthmus of thyroid gland affect?

Answer 35

inferior thyroid vein & thyroid ima artery

Question 36

injury to CN XII

Answer 36

protrusion of tongue towards affected side

Question 37

superior oblique m

Answer 37

only muscles that can depress pupil when eye is adducted

Question 38

Treachers collins syndrome

Answer 38

failed migration of NCC to 1st pharyngeal arch

Question 39

oblique facial cleft

Answer 39

upper lip to medial margin of orbit, nasolacrimal ducts are open grooves draining tears from lacrimal gland (failure of fusion of mesenchyme of maxillary process w/ lateral nasal process)

Question 40

median cleft lip & palate

Answer 40

failed fusion of medial nasal prominences

Question 41

unilateral cleft lip

Answer 41

failed fusion of intermaxillary segment w/ maxillary process

Question 42

how does the ethmoid sinus drain?

Answer 42

posterior cells to superior meatus, anterior & middle cells to middle meatus

Question 43

what can rubella virus affect?

Answer 43

congenital deafness b/c maldevelopment of conducting system of middle & external ear or neurosensory structures of the inner ear

Question 44

infection with rubella virus

Answer 44

can cause congenital cataracts

Question 45

what sinus is the only sinus present at birth?

Answer 45

maxillary sinus

Question 46

what encloses the retropharyngeal space?

Answer 46

between visceral fascia covering posterior wall of pharynx & alar layer of prevertebral fascia

Question 47

prevertebral fascia

Answer 47

invests the vertebral column & the intrinsic muscles of the back

Question 48

pretracheal fascia

Answer 48

encloses trachea & larynx

Question 49

what nerve could transmit virus from dorsum of nose to the eye?

Answer 49

nasociliary n

Question 50

inflammation of optic N

Answer 50

will also affect rectus eye muscles b/c connected @ tendinous ring

Question 51

where is the facial N most susceptible to damage?

Answer 51

at the stylomastoid foramen

Question 52

Meniere's disease

Answer 52

edema is associated w/ endolymphatic sacs

Question 53

mastoiditis

Answer 53

infection of air cells w/ in mastoid process of temporal bone (acute otitis media) & can lead to inflammation of transverse sinus

Question 54

where would you find the costocervical trunk?

Answer 54

off of the subclavian A & is POSTERIOR to the anterior scalene

Question 55

branches of thyrocervical trunk

Answer 55

inferior thyroid A, transverse cervical A, suprascapular A