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Science > Gravity And Astronomy > Flashcards

Gravity And Astronomy Flashcards

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0
Q
  1. What is weight measured of? What tool is it measured with? What is the metric unit?
A

Measure of gravitational force on an object
Spring scale
Metric unit is newtons

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1
Q
  1. What is mass? What tool is used to measure it? What is the metric unit?
A

A measure of the amount of matter in an object
A balance scale
Kilograms grams and milligrams

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2
Q
  1. How many grams produce a force of 1 N on earth
A

100 grams

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3
Q
  1. Between mass and weight, which one always stays the same
A

Mass

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4
Q
  1. How much less gravity does the moon exert on matter
A

6 times less

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5
Q
  1. If an object has a mass 350 g on earth, what would it’s mass be on the moon
A

350 g

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6
Q
  1. If an object has a massive 725 g on earth what would its weight be on the earth
A

7.25 grams

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7
Q
  1. If an object had a weight of 15 newtons on the moon, what would its mass be on earth
A

Come back

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8
Q
  1. What does the Law of Universal Gravitation state
A

All objects in the universe attract each other through gravitational pull

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9
Q
  1. What two things does the magnitude of the force of gravity depend upon
A

The masses of the objects and the distance between the objects

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10
Q
  1. Which has the greater gravitational pull: the gravity between two small objects or the gravity between two large objects
A

Gravity between two large objects

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11
Q
  1. What happens to the force of gravity when the distance between two objects increases
A

The gravitational force pulling them together decreases rapidly

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12
Q
  1. Why does the sun have a greater gravitational pull on Venus then the earth
A

Venus is closer to the sun

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13
Q
  1. True/false: on Earth (or any other larger object), everything and everyone is being pulled towards its center
A

False

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14
Q
  1. What is the name of the theory of how the universe came to be
A

The Big Bang theory

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15
Q
  1. What is a galaxy
A

A collection of star, dust, and gas bound together by gravity

16
Q
  1. How do you galaxies appear to be moving in our universe
A

The galaxies appear to be moving away from each other and other words expanding the universe

17
Q
  1. What is the name and type of galaxy our solar system is in
A

Milky Way

Spiral galaxy

18
Q
  1. Does this galaxy have millions or billions of stars
A

Billions

19
Q
  1. How is a globular cluster different from an open cluster
A

Globular cluster’s have 20,000 to 100,000 older stars and are located in a spherical halo around galaxies and open clusters have about a few hundred to a few thousand stars and may include blue stars

20
Q
  1. What is a nebula
A

A nebula is a very huge cloud of dust and gas that are birthplaces for star formations

21
Q
  1. What two forces work to keep a nebula from collapsing
A

Gravity and pressure

22
Q
  1. When the balance is upset in a nebula, what can form
A

Solar nebula forms

23
Q
  1. What is an astronomical unit? How many miles is an AU?
A

The average distance between the sun and earth

93,000,000 miles

24
Q
  1. What is a light year? How fast does light travel in miles per second
A

A light year is the distance light travels in one year

186,000 mi./s

25
Q
  1. How many light minutes is Earth away from the sun
A

8.3 mins

26
Q
  1. What is a solar system
A

The sun in 8 planets and other bodies that travel around the sun

27
Q
  1. What is the difference between a galaxy and a solar system
A

A galaxy is large groupings of stars in space and a solar system is the sun and planets and other bodies that travel around the sun

28
Q
  1. List the 4 terrestrial planets. List the gas giants
A

Terrestrial Mercury Venus Earth Mars

Gas giants Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

29
Q
  1. The largest planet in our solar system is
A

Jupiter

30
Q
  1. List the planets in order from the sun outwards hint: my very educated mother just served us nachos
A

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

31
Q
  1. What is an asteroid
A

small rocky bodies that orbits the sun they range in size from a few meters to more than 900 km in diameter

32
Q
  1. Between what two planets can the astroid belt be found
A

Mars and Jupiter

33
Q
  1. What is a comet
A

A small body of ice rock and cosmic dust that forms a tail when falling an elliptical orbit around the sun

34
Q
  1. What is the difference between a meteor and a meteorite
A

A meteor burns up in Earth’s atmosphere and a meteorite reaches earth surface without burning up completely

35
Q
  1. What gives the moon and other planets their light
A

The sun

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