gravitational fields - theme D

Question 1

Kepler’s first law of orbital motion

Answer 1

First law: each planet orbits the Sun along an elliptical path. The sun is located at a focus of the elliptical orbit

Question 2

Kepler’s second law of orbital motion

Answer 2

second law: the imaginary line joining the Sun and a planet sweeps equal areas of space in equal time intervals as the planet follows its orbit

Question 3

Kepler’s third law of orbital motion

Answer 3

third law: the square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the average distance of the planet to the sun = Tˆ2 = rˆ3 (r = distance)

Question 4

Newton’s universal law of gravitation:

Answer 4

every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

Question 5

Newton’s universal law of gravitation equation

Answer 5

F=G(m1m2)/rˆ2

Question 6

speed along the trajectory:

Answer 6

v= 2πr/T

Question 7

centripetal force

Answer 7

mvˆ2/r

Question 8

equation for orbital period:

Answer 8

T= ((4πˆ2rˆ3)/GM)ˆ1/2

Question 9

gravitational field

Answer 9

any region of space where a mass experiences a gravitational force

Question 10

gravitational fields act..

Answer 10

at a distance
infinite range

Question 11

gravitational field strength

Answer 11

gravitational force per unit mass experienced at a point in a gravitational field

g=GM/rˆ2