Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Systems 2A Alimentary > Grand Tour of the Alimentary System > Flashcards

Grand Tour of the Alimentary System Flashcards

1
Q

List the four basic functions of the digestive system.

A
  • digestion
  • secretion
  • absorption
  • motility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Through which organ does the entire blood supply of the abdomen pass through?

A
  • the Liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many salivary glands can be found in the head?

A
  • three pairs, giving a total of six
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

True or False.

The oesophagus cannot move objects against gravity.

A

False.

- the oesophagus can move objects against gravity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

List the organs of the alimentary system.

A
  • mouth
  • oesophagus
  • stomach
  • pancreas
  • liver
  • gall bladder
  • duodenum
  • jejunum
  • ileum
  • ascending colon
  • transverse colon
  • descending colon
  • sigmoid colon
  • rectum
  • anus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name functions of the stomach.

A
  • stores foodstuffs
  • allows for controlled release into the duodenum
  • sterilisation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the four distinctive layers of the tunica, from innermost to outermost.

A
  • Mucosa
  • submucosa
  • muscularis externa
  • serosa/adventitia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the submucosa.

A
  • thick, irregular connective tissue which supports the mucosa
  • supplies blood vessels and neurons
  • takes away metabolic waste
  • has glands which contain bicarbonate to neutralise acid to preserve the stomach
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the muscularis externa.

A
  • two thick concentric layers of smooth muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the serosa/adventitia.

A
  • connective tissue outer layer
  • the adventitia attaches the oesophagus and rectum to their respective structures
  • the serosa surrounds the stomach, small and large intestines.
  • the name change represents only a change in location.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the layers of the mucosa, from innermost to outermost.

A
  • muscularis mucosae
  • lamina propria
  • epithelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the muscularis mucosae.

A
  • a thin, smooth muscle layer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the layers of the muscularis externa.

A
  • circular muscle layer

- longitudinal muscle layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the lamina propria.

A
  • loose connective tissue containing vessels and glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of epithelium can be found in the mouth, oesophagus and anal canal?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of epithelium can be found in the stomach, small and large intestines?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

17
Q

What resides between the submucosa and the circular muscle layer?

A

The submucosal plexus

18
Q

What resides between the circular muscle layer and the longitudinal muscle layer?

A

The myenteric plexus

19
Q

What do the submucosal plexus and the myenteric plexus combine to form?

A

The enteric nervous system

20
Q

What is the function of the enteric nervous system?

A

To provide independent control of gut function.

21
Q

Where does autonomic control of the alimentary system come from?

A
  • parasympathetic system

- ENS reflexes

22
Q

What is the effect of the parasympathetic system on the alimentary system?

A
  • Stimulatory

increasing secretion and motility

23
Q

Where does parasympathetic stimulation of the alimentary system come from?

A
  • the vagus nerve

except salivation which comes from facial and glossopharyngeal nerves

24
Q

What is the effect of the sympathetic system on the alimentary system?

A
  • Inhibitory

except for salivation

25
Q

Where does sympathetic stimulation of the alimentary system come from?

A
  • the splanchnic nerve
26
Q

Where does arterial blood supply to the gut come from?

A
  • descending aorta
27
Q

Name the three branches of the descending aorta that supply the gut.

A
  • celiac trunk
  • superior mesenteric artery
  • inferior mesenteric artery
28
Q

What embryological area does the celiac trunk supply?

A

The forgut

29
Q

Where does the blood supply to the midgut come from?

A

The superior mesenteric artery

30
Q

What embryological area does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A

The hindgut

31
Q

Name the three main branches of the celiac trunk.

A
  • common hepatic artery
  • left gastric artery
  • splenic artery
32
Q

True or false.

All of the arterial supply have a mirrored vein, named as the artery.

A

True.

33
Q

Where do the arteries of the alimentary system drain?

A

Into the portal vein

34
Q

What happens to blood in the portal vein?

A
  • drains into liver
  • it is filtered
  • returns to the inferior vena cava through the hepatic vein

Systems 2A Alimentary (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions