Gramsci 2

Question 1

Gramsci’s ideas can be used and interpreted by many different disciplines so..

Answer 1

…so there is great scope for his ideas to be misused – notebooks often misinterpreted and appropriated to all sorts of arguments

Question 2

who comments on the broadness and applicability of his ideas?

Answer 2

Hall

Question 3

what was Gramsci’s main idea?

Answer 3

Main idea was that oppression isn’t only about using force but about gaining consent

Question 4

What did Mussolini say when he imprisoned him?

Answer 4

“we must stop this brain from functioning”

Question 5

what did Femia say hegemony was?

Answer 5

“Hegemony is the predominance obtained by consent rather than force of one class over other classes”

Question 6

Gramsci argued that domination does not solely rely on the use of force and coercion, but highly depends on …

Answer 6

..the ability of the ruling elite to obtain consent from those ruled by intellectual and moral leadership

Question 7

how are the bourgeoisie hegemonic?

Answer 7

because they develop a culture propagating their own values and norms that become accepted as the cultural norm

Question 8

what do the ruling class need to do for hegemony to be successful?

Answer 8

For hegemony to be successful, the hegemonic class needs to establish alliances with other subordinate groups and get them to accept their norms and culture.

Question 9

what does Jones argue?

Answer 9

that a ruling power that asks for consent but cannot give aspirations will not survive.

Question 10

why do we accept hegemony according to Gramsci?

Answer 10

due to primary and secondary socialisation

Question 11

what is counter hegemony?

Answer 11

Education offers a potential method to develop critical awareness and consciousness to resist cultural and ideological oppression

Question 12

what does Aeywood say Gramsci saw society as?

Answer 12

Gramsci saw society as the public sphere where ideas and beliefs were shaped and where the ruling classes hegemony was reproduced in cultural life to manufacture consent, for example through the media

Question 13

what does Gambles say about policy and culture?

Answer 13

Gambles highlights the effect policy can have on culture in setting up ideals about what is good or appropriate behaviour.

Question 14

what does Williams suggest that culture includes?

Answer 14

the dominance and subordination of particular classes.

Question 15

how does Hall think Gramsci’s concept of hegemony can be used?

Answer 15

to understand the role of culture in racial issues. E.g. in the media it became a norm to see black muggings and therefore a norm to stigmatise black people. He saw cultural elements of society as having a political and ideological role in domination.

Question 16

what did Ledwith say about Gramsci and feminism?

Answer 16

“His insightful analysis of hegemony and the subtle nature of consent offered feminists a conceptual lead” on understanding the role women’s subordination plays in society and how it is accepted as common sense.

Question 17

Gramsci’s ideas led to feminist ideas to form based around ..

Answer 17

..the idea of culture being circulated to serve a purpose; patriarchy.

Question 18

what do Jenson and Tyler say about policy?

Answer 18

policy has consequences for how people perceive a good mother

Question 19

Ledwith argued Gramsci was in some ways responsible for work such as Arnot’s who theorised that…

Answer 19

…hegemony could be applied by and to benefit men and in such ways women learned to accept a male dominated culture and their subordination became a norm

Question 20

what have Gramsci’s ideas about how consent and power is maintained allowed people to do?

Answer 20

criticise this consent and challenge normative culture