Grammer

Question 1

Noun

Answer 1

Word/group of words that names a person, place, thing, or idea.

Question 2

Common noun

Answer 2

general, not the particular name, name of person, place, or thing (e.g. Nurse, hospital, syringe)

Question 3

Proper Noun

Answer 3

Official name of a person, place, or thing (e.g. Fred, Paris, Washington University). Proper nouns are capitalized.

Question 4

Abstract noun

Answer 4

Name of a quality or a general idea (e.g. Persistence, democracy).

Question 5

Collective noun

Answer 5

Noun that represents a group of persons, animals, or things (e.g. family, flock, furniture).

Question 6

Pronoun

Answer 6

Word that takes place of noun, another pronoun, or group of words acting as a noun.

Question 7

antecedent

Answer 7

group of words to which a pronoun refers

e. g. The students wanted their test papers graded and returned to them in a timely manner.
- The words STUDENTS is the antecedent of the nouns THEIR and THEM.

Question 8

Personal Pronoun

Answer 8

refers to a specific person, place, thing, or idea by indicating the person speaking (first person), the person/people spoken to (second person), or any other person, place, thing, or idea being talked about (third person).

• can be singular/plural
• WE [first person plural] were going to ask YOU [second person singular] to give THEM [third person plural] a ride to the office.

Question 9

Possessive pronoun

Answer 9

form of personal pronoun that shows possession/ownership. Doesn’t contain apostrophe.

• That is MY book
• That book is MINE
• That is HIS book
• That book is HIS

Question 10

Adjective

Answer 10

Word, phrase, or clause that modifies a noun (the BIOLOGY book) or pronoun (he is NICE). It answers the question WHAT KIND (a hard test), WHICH ONE (an English test), HOW MANY (three tests), or HOW MUCH (Many tests).
-Precedes noun or noun phrase that they modify (e.g. the absent-minded professor)

Question 11

Participle

Answer 11

A verb that functions as an adjective ending with -ing or -ed.

Question 12

Verb

Answer 12

word/phrase that expresses an action/state of being.

Question 13

adverb

Answer 13

word, phrase, or clause that modifies a verb, adjective, or another verb.

Question 14

Preposition

Answer 14

Word that shows relationship of a noun or pronoun to some other word in the sentence.

Question 15

compound preposition

Answer 15

preposition that is made up of more than one word

Question 16

prepositional phrase

Answer 16

group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun, called the OBJECT or the preposition.

Question 17

Conjunction

Answer 17

word that joins word, phrases, or clauses.

Question 18

Correlative conjunctions

Answer 18

work in pairs to join words or phrases (e.g. NEITHER the pharmacist NOR her assistant could read the physician’s handwriting).

Question 19

Interjection

Answer 19

Word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation. Doesn’t have any grammatical connection to the other words in the sentence (e.g. YIKES, that test was hard. Whew, that test was easy).

Question 20

Clause

Answer 20

group of words that has a subject and predicate.

Question 21

Independent clause

Answer 21

expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence (e.g. THE PROFESSOR DISTRIBUTED THE EXAMINATIONS as soon as the students were seated).

Question 22

Dependent Clause

Answer 22

begins with a subordinating conjunction and doesn’t express a complete thought and therefore can’t stand alone as a sentence. AS SOON AS THE STUDENTS WERE SEATED doesn’t express a complete thought.

Question 23

Direct object

Answer 23

Person/thing that is directly affected by the action or verb. Answers the question WHAT or WHOM.
(e.g.) The students watched the professor distribute the examinations.
THE PROFESSOR answers WHOM the students watched.

Question 24

Indirect object

Answer 24

Person or thing that is indirectly affected by the action/verb. A sentence can have an indirect object only if it has a direct object. It answers the questions TO WHOM, FOR WHOM, TO WHAT, or FOR WHAT after an action verb. Come between the verb and direct object.
(e.g.) The professor gave his class the best results.
HIS CLASS is the indirect object. It comes between the verb GAVE and the direct object TEST RESULTS and it answers the question to WHOM.

Question 25

Phrase

Answer 25

Group of two or more words that acts as a single part of speech in a sentence. Can be used as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

Question 26

Predicate

Answer 26

Tells what the subject does or what’s done to the subject.

Question 27

Predicate adjective

Answer 27

Follows a linking verb and helps explain the subject.

(e.g.) My professors are WONDERFUL.

Question 28

Predicate nominative

Answer 28

Noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and helps to explain or rename the subject.
(e.g.) Professors are TEACHERS.

Question 29

Declaritive Sentece

Answer 29

Makes a statement

Question 30

Interrogative Sentence

Answer 30

Asks a question

Question 31

Imperative sentence

Answer 31

Makes command/request

Question 32

Exclamatory Senctence

Answer 32

Makes an exclamation

Question 33

Compound Sentence

Answer 33

Sentence that has two or more independent clauses. Each independent clause has a subject and a predicate and can stand alone as a sentence.

Question 34

Run-on sentence

Answer 34

Two or more complete sentences are written as though they are one.

Question 35

Sentence fragments

Answer 35

Incomplete sentences

Question 36

Misplaced Modifier

Answer 36

Words/Groups of words that aren’t located properly in relation to the words they modify.
(e.g.) I fear my teaching assistant may have discarded the test I was grading in the trash can.
CORRECT FORM: I fear the test I was grading may have been discarded in the trash can by my teaching assistant.

Question 37

Participle phrase

Answer 37

Phrase formed by a participle, its object, and the object’s modifiers; the phrase functions as an adjective.

Question 38

Euphemism

Answer 38

Mild, indirect, or vague term substituted for one that is considered harsh, blunt, or offensive.