Grammatik - Fälle Flashcards
When do we typically use accusative case?
Also name prepositions which require the accusative!
We use the acc. with direct objects (the object immediately affected by the action of the verb) or after certain prepositions like:
for: për
with: me
in: në
How do we form the accusative definite form of singular masculin and feminine nouns?
Translate:
with the real estate office
in the newspaper Shqip
on Mine Peza Street
How do we form the accusative indefinite form of masculin singular nouns?
make Table: nom: ind, def + acc: ind, def
apartament
shok
what about masc. nouns that end with a
definite:
Masculine nouns: def. sg. nom. m. + -n
Feminine Nouns: ind. sh. f. + -ën / -në
me agjencinë imobiliare
në gazëten “Shqip”
në rrugën “Mine Peza”
indefinite:
The masculine indefinite forms are the same in the nominative and accusativ cases
Nominative:
Ind: apartament, def: apartamenti
ind: shok, def: shoku
Accusative
ind: apartament, def: apartamentin
ind: shok, def: shokun
masc. nouns that end with a take -në for the acc. definite
acc: ind: baba, def: babanë
nom. ind: baba, def: babai
How do we form the accusative indefinite form of singular feminine nouns?
How do we form the accusative definite form of singular male nouns?
write: motër, ëndërr (dream) and vegël (instrument/tool) in nom. and acc. ind. and def. form
The feminine indefinite forms are the same in nominative and accusative cases!
The feminine accusative definite form is built on the indefinite form of the noun in the nominative case. There are 2 rules:
1. Add -n if the noun ends in an unstressed vowel (vowel you don’t speak like: mollë - mollën)
2. Add -në if the noun ends in a stressed vowel (vowel at the end, which you speak: baba - babanë)
3. if noun ends in -ër, -ërr or -ël replace ending with -ën
Nom.:
ind: motër, def: motra
ind: ëndërr, def: ëndrra
ind: vegël, der: vegla
Acc.:
ind: motër, def: motrën
ind: ëndërr, def: ëndrrën
ind: vegël, def: veglën
How do we form accusative plural nouns?
The form is the same as the nominative nouns:
Nom/Acc: Ind. - Def Pl
disa juristë - juristët
disa grupe - grupet
disa shkolla - shkollat
disa agjenci - agjencitë
Which prepositions are followed by the accusative?
in, at: në
under: nën
on: mbi
with: me
for: për
without: pa
Do you use indefinite / definite for modified nouns / unmodified nouns?
A modifier provides additional information about the noun, such as its color, size, quantity, condition, or other attributes.
With unmodified nouns we use the indefinite form:
I live in Tirana
Banoj në Tiranë
Jemi në dhomë
If the noun is modified we use the acc. definite noun:
Jemi në dhomën 121.
Macja është mbi krevatin djathtas.
What happens, if a definite noun follows me or pa? Do you use definite or indefinite form?
I speak with the teacher.
My brother is playing with the ball.
What happens with modified nouns?
We use accusative definite for human nouns and accusative indefinite form for nonhuman nouns
Bisedoj me mësuesen.
Vellai im po luan me top.
If the noun is modified, then we always use the definite form.
I speak with the Albanian teacher.
Bisedoj me mësuesen shqiptare.
Which form, ind. or def. you use, if a definite noun follows për? (acc)
They talk about the teacher/the school.
If a definite noun follows për, then we use the acc. definite form, wheter the object is human or not.
Flasin per mësuesin.
Flasin për shkollën.
Which form ind. or def. is used after “me”, when what follows is the instrument with which we carry out the action expressed by the verb? (me top - with the ball)
I am speaking to the agency.
My brother is playing with the ball.
If the noun is the instrument, with which we carry out the action of the verb we use the indefinite form, otherwise the definite form.
Po flas me agjencinë.
Vëllai im po luan me top.
Name all forms of ky/ai (this, that, these) in all cases in masculin form.
M. Sg. M. Pl. M. Sg. M. Pl.
Near Near Far Far
N. ky këta ai ata
Gen. i, e këtij. i, e këtyre i, e atij i, e atyre
Dat. këtij. këtyre atij atyre
Acc. këtë këta atë ata
Abl. këtij prej këtyre prej a tij prej atyre
