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2. Aleman A1-A2 English > GRAMMAR Verbs-Irregular verbs > Flashcards

GRAMMAR Verbs-Irregular verbs Flashcards

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1
Q

Explanation:

A

The preterite and past participle forms of verbs are used to form various tenses in the German language.

To express events in the past in SPOKEN German, for example, by far the most frequent way is with the use of the perfect tense, which is made, like in English, with conjugating the present tense of the verb to have -“haben”, and the past participle of the main verb.

There are several types of German verbs and they form their preterite and past participle forms differently. More on that in the deck “Verbs/tenses”.

This deck contains almost all of the the so-called “strong verbs” and the “mixed verbs” in the German language, which are important because they have a vowel shift and/or irregular forms in the present, past or participle and one has to learn them and their forms by heart since there is no rule of making the preterite or the past participle form (unlike the “weak verbs”).

The verbs in this deck are listed as follows:

Backen (Infinitive)

Backt/bäckt (Present)

(Buk) (Preterite form)

Hat gebacken (Past participle)

The verbs and verb forms which are rarely or never used are put in brackets (buk).

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2
Q

To order, to instruct

A

Befehlen

Befielt

Befahl

Hat befohlen

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3
Q

To bake

A

Backen

Backt

(Buk)

Hat gebacken

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4
Q

To begin

A

Beginnen

Beginnt

Begann

Hat begonnen

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5
Q

To bite

A

Beißen

Beißt

Biss

Hat gebissen

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6
Q

To save, to rescue, to recover

A

Bergen

Birgt

Barg

Hat geborgen

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7
Q

To burst

A

Bersten

Birst

Barst

Hat geborsten

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8
Q

To bend

A

Biegen

Biegt

Bog

Hat / ist gebogen

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9
Q

To offer

A

Bieten

Bietet

Bot

Hat geboten

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10
Q

To bind, to tie

A

Binden

Bindet

Band

Hat gebunden

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11
Q

To ask, to request

A

Bitten

Bittet

Bat

Hat gebeten

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12
Q

To blow

A

Blasen

Bläst

Blies

Hat geblasen

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13
Q

To stay, to remain

A

Bleiben

Bleibt

Blieb

Ist geblieben

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14
Q

To bleach, to fade

A

Bleichen

Bleicht

(Blich)

Hat/ist gebleicht/geblichen

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15
Q

To fry, to roast

A

Braten

Brät

(Briet)

Hat gebraten

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16
Q

To break

A

Brechen

Bricht

Brach

Hat/ist gebrochen

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17
Q

To thresh

A

Dreschen

Drischt

Drosch

Hat gedroschen

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18
Q

To push through

A

Dringen

Dringt

Drang

Ist gedrungen

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19
Q

To recommend

A

Empfehlen

Empfiehlt

Empfahl

Hat empfohlen

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20
Q

To frighten, to be frightened

A

Erschrecken

Erschrickt

Erschrak

Hat/ist erschrocken

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21
Q

To consider

A

Erwägen

Erwägt

Erwog

Hat erwogen

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22
Q

To eat

A

Essen

Isst

Aß

Hat gegessen

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23
Q

To drive, to travel

A

Fahren

Fährt

Fuhr

Hat/ist gefahren

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24
Q

To fall

A

Fallen

Fällt

Fiel

Ist gefallen

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25
Q

To catch

A

Fangen

Fängt

Fing

Hat gefangen

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26
Q

To fence (with swords)

A

Fechten

Ficht

(Focht)

Hat gefochten

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27
Q

To find

A

Finden

Findet

Fand

Hat gefunden

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28
Q

To braid, to weave

A

Flechten

Flicht

(Flocht)

Hat geflochten

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29
Q

To fly

A

Fliegen

Fliegt

Flog

Hat/ist geflogen

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30
Q

To flee

A

Fliehen

Flieht

Floh

Ist geflohen

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31
Q

To flow

A

Fließen

Fließt

Floss

Ist geflossen

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32
Q

To eat (used with animals)

A

Fressen

Frisst

Fraß

Hat gefressen

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33
Q

To freeze

A

Frieren

Friert

Fror

Hat gefroren

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34
Q

To ferment

A

Gären

Gärt

(Gor)

Hat gegoren/gegärt

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35
Q

To give birth to

A

Gebären

Gebärt/gebiert

Gebar

Hat geboren

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36
Q

To give

A

Geben

Gibt

Gab

Hat gegeben

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37
Q

To fluorish

A

Gedeihen

Gedeiht

Gedieh

Ist gediehen

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38
Q

To go

A

Gehen

Geht

Ging

Ist gegangen

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39
Q

To succeed

A

Gelingen

Gelingt

Gelang

Ist gelungen

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40
Q

To be valid, to count

A

Gelten

Gilt

Galt

Hat gegolten

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41
Q

To recover, to convalesce

A

Genesen

Genest

(Genas)

Ist genesen

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42
Q

To enjoy

A

Genießen

Genießt

Genoss

Hat genossen

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43
Q

To happen

A

Geschehen

Gescheht

Geschah

Ist geschehen

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44
Q

To win

A

Gewinnen

Gewinnt

Gewann

Hat gewonnen

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45
Q

To pour

A

Gießen

Gießt

Goss

Hat gegossen

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46
Q

To be similar to, to be the same as

A

Gleichen

Gleicht

Glich

Hat geglichen

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47
Q

To glide

A

Gleiten

Gleitet

Glitt

Ist geglitten

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48
Q

To glow

A

Glimmen

Glimmt

(Glomm)

Hat geglommen/geglimmt

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49
Q

To dig

A

Graben

Gräbt

Grub

Hat gegraben

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50
Q

To grab, to grib

A

Greifen

Greift

Griff

Hat gegriffen

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51
Q

To stop, to hold

A

Halten

Hält

Hielt

Hat gehalten

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52
Q

To hang

A

Hängen

Hängt

Hing

Hat gehangen

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53
Q

To cut (wood) / to hit, to slap

A

Hauen

Haut

Haute

Hat gehauen

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54
Q

To lift, to raise

A

Heben

Hebt

Hob

Hat gehoben

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55
Q

To be called

A

Heißen

Heißt

Hieß

Hat geheißen

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56
Q

To help

A

Helfen

Hilft

Half

Hat geholfen

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57
Q

To clamber, to climb

A

Klimmen

Klimmt

Klomm

Ist geklommen

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58
Q

To sound

A

Klingen

Klingt

Klang

Hat geklungen

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59
Q

To pinch

A

Kneifen

Kneift

Kniff

Hat gekniffen

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60
Q

To come

A

Kommen

Kommt

Kam

Ist gekommen

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61
Q

To crawl

A

Kriechen

Kriecht

Kroch

Ist gekrochen

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62
Q

To load

A

Laden

Lädt

Lud

Hat geladen

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63
Q

To leave, to stop

A

Lassen

Lässt

Ließ

Hat gelassen

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64
Q

To run

A

Laufen

Läuft

Llief

Ist gelaufen

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65
Q

To suffer

A

Leiden

Leidet

Litt

Hat gelitten

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66
Q

To borrow, to lend

A

Leihen

Leiht

Lieh

Hat geliehen

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67
Q

To read

A

Lesen

Liest

Las

Hat gelesen

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68
Q

To lie (position)

A

Liegen

Liegt

Lag

Hat/ist gelegen

69
Q

To lie

A

Lügen

Lügt

Log

Hat gelogen

70
Q

To mill, to grind

A

Mahlen

Mahlt

Mahlte

Hat gemahlen

71
Q

To avoid

A

Meiden

Meidet

Mied

Hat gemieden

72
Q

To milk

A

Melken

Milkt/melkt

(Molk)

Hat gemolken

73
Q

To measure

A

Messen

Misst

Maß

Hat gemessen

74
Q

To miss, to fail

A

Misslingen

Misslingt

Misslang

Ist misslungen

75
Q

To take

A

Nehmen

Nimmt

Nahm

Hat genommen

76
Q

To whistle

A

Pfeifen

Pfeift

Pfiff

Hat gepfiffen

77
Q

To praise

A

Preisen

Preist

Pries

Hat gepriesen

78
Q

To well up, to soak, to swell

A

Quellen

Quillt

Quoll

Hat gequollen

79
Q

To guess

A

Raten

Rät

Riet

Hat gerieten

80
Q

To rub

A

Reiben

Reibt

Rieb

Hat gerieben

81
Q

To snatch

A

Reißen

Reißt

Riss

Hat/ist gerissen

82
Q

To ride

A

Reiten

Reitet

Titt

Hat/ist geritten

83
Q

To smell

A

Riechen

Riecht

Roch

Hat gerochen

84
Q

To wrestle

A

Ringen

Ringt

Rang

Hat gerungen

85
Q

To run (water), to leak, to trickle

A

Rinnen

Rinnt

Rann

Geronnen

86
Q

To call

A

Rufen

Ruft

Rief

Hat gerufen

87
Q

To salt

A

Salzen

Salzt

Salzte

Hat gesalzen/gesalzt

88
Q

To drink (animals)

A

Saufen

Säuft

Soff

Hat gesoffen

89
Q

To suck, to vacuum

A

Saugen

Saugt

Sog

Hat gesogen

90
Q

To create

A

Schaffen

Schafft

Schaffte/schuf

Hat geschaffen

91
Q

To resound, to ring, to echo

A

Schallen

Schallt

Schallte

Hat geschallt

92
Q

To separate

A

Scheiden

Scheidet

Schied

Hat/ist geschieden

93
Q

To shine; to seem, to appear

A

Scheinen

Scheint

Schien

Hat geschienen

94
Q

To shit, to crap

A

Scheißen

Scheißt

Schiss

Hat geschissen

95
Q

To shear, to crop, to cut

A

Scheren

Schert

Schor

Hat geschoren

Note that there is also a reflexive version of this verb which means “to take care for”, and it is conjugated with the weak conjugation.

96
Q

To push

A

Schieben

Schiebt

Schob

Hat geschoben

97
Q

To shoot

A

Schießen

Schießt

Schoss

Hat/ist geschossen

98
Q

To treat someone badly, to work someone too hard

A

Schinden

Schindet

Schindete

Hat geschunden

99
Q

To sleep

A

Schlafen

Schläft

Schlief

Hat geschlafen

100
Q

To hit

A

Schlagen

Schlägt

Schlug

Hat geschlagen

101
Q

To slide, to slip, to sink

A

Schleichen

Schleicht

Schlich

Ist geschlichen

102
Q

To grind, to sharpen, to polish

A

Schleifen3

Schleift

Schliff

Hat geschliffen

Note that when conjugated in the weak form (schleifte, geschleift) it means “to drag

103
Q

To close

A

Schließen

Schließt

Schloss

Hat geschlossen

104
Q

To tie, to wrap, to loop

A

Schlingen

Schlingt

Schlang

Hat geschlungen

105
Q

To throw, to chuck

A

Schmeißen

Schmeißt

Schmiss

Hat geschmissen

106
Q

To melt

A

Schmelzen

Schmilzt

Schmolz

Hat geschmolzen

107
Q

To cut

A

Schneiden

Schneidet

Schnitt

Hat geschnitten

108
Q

To write

A

Schreiben

Schreibt

Schrieb

Hat geschrieben

109
Q

To shout, to cry

A

Schreien

Schreit

Schrie

Hat geschrien

110
Q

To step

A

Schreiten

Schreitet

Schritt

Ist geschritten

111
Q

To remain silent

A

Schweigen

Schweigt

Schwieg

Hat geschwiegen

112
Q

To swim, to float

A

Schwimmen

Schwimmt

Schwamm

Hat/ist geschwommen

113
Q

To fade

A

Schwinden

Schwindet

Schwand

Ist geschwunden

114
Q

To swing

A

Schwingen

Schwingt

Schwang

Hat geschwungen

115
Q

To swear

A

Schwören

Schwört

Schwor

Hat geschworen

116
Q

To see, to look

A

Sehen

Sieht

Sah

Hat gesehen

117
Q

To sing

A

Singen

Singt

Sang

Hat gesungen

118
Q

To sink

A

Sinken

Sinkt

Sank

Ist gesunken

119
Q

To think, to reflect, to ponder

A

Sinnen

Sinnt

Sann

Hat gesonnen

120
Q

To sit

A

Sitzen

Sitzt

Saß

Hat/ist gesessen

121
Q

To split, to crack

A

Spalten

Spaltet

Spaltete

Hat gespalten/gespaltet

122
Q

To spit

A

Speien

Speit

Spie

Hat gespien

123
Q

To be crazy (fig.)

A

Spinnen

Spinnt

Spann

Hat gesponnen

124
Q

To speak

A

Sprechen

Spricht

Sprach

Hat gesprochen

125
Q

To sprout

A

Sprießen

Sprießt

Spross

Ist gesprossen

126
Q

To jump

A

Springen

Springt

Sprang

Ist gesprungen

127
Q

To sting, to bite, to stab

A

Stechen

Sticht

Stach

Hat gestochen

128
Q

To stand

A

Stehen

Steht

Stand

Hat/ist gestanden

129
Q

To steal

A

Stehlen

Stiehlt

Stahl

Hat gestohlen

130
Q

To climb, to rise, to ascend

A

Steigen

Steigt

Stieg

Ist gestiegen

131
Q

To die

A

Sterben

Stirbt

Starb

Ist gestorben

132
Q

To stink

A

Stinken

Stinkt

Stank

Hat gestunken

133
Q

To push, to knock

A

Stoßen

Stößt

Stieß

Hat gestoßen

134
Q

To spread, to paint; to cancel, to strike off, to delete

A

Streichen

Streicht

Strich

Hat gestrichen

135
Q

To argue, to quarrel

A

Streiten

Streitet

Stritt

Hat gestritten

136
Q

To wear

A

Tragen

Trägt

Trug

Hat getragen

137
Q

To meet someone; to hit a target

A

Treffen

Trifft

Traf

Hat getroffen

138
Q

To drive, to drift, to do

A

Treiben

Treibt

Trieb

Hat getrieben

139
Q

To step, to kick

A

Treten

Tritt

Trat

Hat/ist getreten

140
Q

To drink

A

Trinken

Trinkt

Trank

Hat getrunken

141
Q

To deceive

A

Trügen

Trügt

(Trog)

Hat getrogen

142
Q

To do

A

Tun

Tut

Tat

Hat getan

143
Q

To go bad, to spoil, to perish

A

Verderben

Verdirbt

Verdarb

Hat/ist verdorben

144
Q

To irritate, to annoy

A

Verdrießen

Verdrießt

Verdross

Hat verdrossen

145
Q

To forget

A

Vergessen

Vergisst

Vergaß

Hat vergessen

146
Q

To lose

A

Verlieren

Verliert

Verlor

Hat verloren

147
Q

To wear out

A

Verschleißen

Verschleißt

Verschliss

Hat/ist verschlissen

148
Q

To forgive

A

Verzeihen

Verzeiht

Verzieh

Hat verziehen

149
Q

To grow

A

Wachsen

Wächst

Wuchs

Ist gewachsen

150
Q

To wash

A

Waschen

Wäscht

Wusch

Hat gewaschen

151
Q

To weave

A

Weben

Webt

(Wob)

Hat gewoben/gewebt

152
Q

To yield, to lose ground, to soften

A

Weichen

Weicht

Wich

Ist gewichen

153
Q

To direct, to show

A

Weisen

Weist

Wies

Hat gewiesen

154
Q

To advertise

A

Werben

Wirbt

Warb

Hat geworben

155
Q

To throw

A

Werfen

Wirft

Warf

Hat geworfen

156
Q

To weigh, to cradle

A

Wiegen

Wiegt

Wog

Hat gewogen

157
Q

To wind (a string)

A

Winden

Windet

Wand

Hat gewunden

158
Q

To wring

A

Wringen

Wringt

Wrang

Hat gewrungen

159
Q

To pull

A

Ziehen

Zieht

Zog

Hat/ist gezogen

160
Q

To force

A

Zwingen

Zwingt

Zwang

Hat gezwungen

161
Q

To burn

A

Brennen

Brennt

Brannte

Hat gebrannt

162
Q

To bring

A

Bringen

Bringt

Brachte

Hat gebracht

163
Q

To think

A

Denken

Denkt

Dachte

Hat gedacht

164
Q

To know (people)

A

Kennen

Kennt

Kannte

Hat gekannt

165
Q

To name, to call

A

Nennen

Nennt

Nannte

Hat genannt

166
Q

To run

A

Rennen

Rennt

Rannte

Ist gerannt

167
Q

To send

A

Senden

Sendet

Sandte

Hat gesandt

168
Q

To turn

A

Wenden

Wendet

Wandte

Hat gewandt

169
Q

To know (facts)

A

Wissen

Weiß

Wusste

Hat gewusst

2. Aleman A1-A2 English (31 decks)

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