Grammar Stuff Flashcards
Simple Sentence
a sentence consisting of only one clause, with a single subject and predicate.
Compound Sentence
a sentence that has at least two independent clauses joined by a comma, semicolon, or conjunction.
Complex Sentence
a sentence that has an independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
Simple Subject
the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing something or being described
Complete Subject
the simple subject and any of its modifiers (adjectives)
Simple Predicate
the verb that states something about the subject of the sentence
Complete Predicate
the verb and all the words after it that tell us what happened in the sentence. To find the complete predicate, you first find the verb or the verb phrase. Then you must include all of the words after the verb that tell us what happened in the sentence.
Verb
A verb tells what someone or something is doing. It can also be a state of being. Examples include: Ran, felt, is, are, speak, sing
Complete Verb
A verb phrase that consists of the main verb and helping verbs. Examples include: “Has seen,” “May be going,” “went running,” “is eating”
Direct Object
The person or thing that is receiving the action of the verb in a sentence
Indirect Object
The person or thing that is receiving the direct object
Adjective
a word that describes a noun or a pronoun. It tells which one, what kind, or how many.
Adverb
An adverb describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It tells how, when, where, or to what degree.
Preposition
A preposition combines with a noun or a pronoun to form a phrase that tells something about another word in a sentence.
Interjection
a word that expresses a strong feeling or emotion.
Modifiers
modify (changes) something in a sentence through describing, qualifying, or limiting that word/phrase in a sentence
Subject
tells who or what about the verb (What is the verb affecting?)
Misplaced Modifier
modifying an unintended word or element
Dangling Modifiers
modifying an unclear word or element
Clause
a group of words with a subject and a verb that functions as a part of a complex or compound sentence.
Phrase
A small group of words acting as a unit in a sentence. A phrase does not have both a subject and a verb.
Conjunction
A conjunction joins together two or more words, phrases, or clauses.
Subject Verb Agreement
A subject and a verb must agree in number. If the subject of a sentence is singular, the verb must also be singular. If a subject is plural, the verb must also be plural.
Past Tense
an action or state of being that has already happened
Present Tense
an action or state of being that is happening right now or is something that happens regularly or continuously
Future Tense
an action or state of being that has not happened yet – it will begin and end in the future
Past Participle
a form of a verb used in perfect tenses – it is formed for regular verbs by adding “ed” to the end of the base verbF
For simple future tense use…
will
For present progressive tense use…
is/are
For past progressive tense use…
was/were
For future progressive tense use…
will be
For present perfect tense use…
have/has
For past perfect tense use…
had
For future perfect tense use…
will have
