Grammar Structures Flashcards

1
Q

そう

A

Information based on heresy/other sources

Plain From + そう
な-Adj + だそう

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2
Q

よう

A

A conclusion based on evidence

Plain from + よう
な-Adj + よう
Noun + よう

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3
Q

らしい

A

Information based on Romours

Plain Form + らしい

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4
Q

によると、そう

A

Express Hearsay: “According to X, Y”

Xによると、Yそう

X = Noun

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5
Q

ように思う

A

“It appears/seems like/looks like” - Uncertain

Plain Form+ように思う
な-Adj + なように思う
Noun+のように思う

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6
Q

ような感じがします

A

It feels (like)

Plain Form + ような感じがします
な-Adj + なような感じがします
Noun + のような感じがします

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7
Q

はず

A

“Should/ Supposed To”

Plain Form + はず
な-Adj + なはず
Noun + のはず

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8
Q

てしまう

A

Two Uses: Finish completely OR Unintended Action

て- Form + しまう

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9
Q

ように

A

To express a purpose

Objective ように Action

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10
Q

ようにする

A

“Make it a rule to” - Make sure/ Promise

Plain Form + ようにする
な-Adj + なようにする
Noun + のようにする

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11
Q

ようにしてください

A

Make a request for another to try/start a new habit/attitude

Plain Form + ようにしてください
な-Adj + なようにしてください
Noun + のようにしてください

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12
Q

どんなに___ても、

A

No matter how (A), (B).

どんなに (Verb/Adjective in て-form) ても、_____

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13
Q

Imperative Form

う →
る →
する →
来る →

A

Command/ tell someone to do something

う → え
る → ろ
する → しろ
来る → 来(こ)い

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14
Q

なさい

A

Used to give an order (Mainly parents)

ます From + なさい

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15
Q

ように(と)言う

A

To tell someone what someone else told you

Request + ように(と)言う
Plain form

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16
Q

Causative Form

う →
る →
する →
来る →

A

Someone males someone else do/feel something

う → あ+せる
る →させる
する →させる
来る →来させる

17
Q

させていただけませんか

A

“Could you allow me to…”

Causative form (させ) + ていただけませんか

18
Q

ために

A

To express a cause/reason

Plain Form + ために
な-Adj + なために
Noun + のために

19
Q

ながら

A

Two actions happen at the same time

Verb 1 ながら Verb 2
ます

20
Q

まま

A

To express a lack of change in something

Verb + まま
(た-form)

Noun + のまま
い- Adj + まま
な- Adj + なまま

21
Q

ないで

A

Without doing ______, do ______

Verb 1 で Verb 2
ない-form

22
Q

てあげる

A

I am doing something for someone else
You do something for someone else

Action あげる
(て-form)

23
Q

もらう

A

“To receive”

Object をもらう

24
Q

くれる

A

Something is done for me

Action くれる
て-form

25
Q

やる

A

To give (For animals/plants/pets)

Action やる
て-form

26
Q

てある

A

To express the result state after an action is complete

Transitive Verb + ある
て-Form

27
Q

ておく

A

Something is done in advance, for the future

Transitive Verb + おく
て-Form