Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Hebrew > Grammar rules (Running) > Flashcards

Grammar rules (Running) Flashcards

1
Q

BegadKefat

A

Consonants that can take a Dagesh Lene (NB Can take a Dagesh forte like any other)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Mater Lectionis

A

Consonant acting as a vowel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Default stressed Syllable

A

Final

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tonic

A

Stressed Syllable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pretonic

A

pre-stressed syllable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Propretonic

A

Penultimate stressed syllable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do you tell if a begadkefat letter is Forte?

A

When it’s preceded by a vowel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

syllable with a shewa will never ever EVER…

A

…be accented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A shewa is silent when…

A

…immediately preceeded by a short vowel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A Silent shewa indicates…

A

…the end of a consonant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Metheg

A

short vertical line on the first vowel of a long word: Distinguishes a Qamets from a Qamets Khatuf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Can a word start or end with Dagesh?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Two adjacent shewas…

A

…cannot be of the same quality (second one is vocal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Shewa at the beginning of the word is…

A

…always vocal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

a Qamets is Chatuf if…

A

…it’s in a closed unaccented Syllable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does Metheg do?

A

turns a Qamets Chatuf back into a regular Qamets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

furtive patach

A

A word-final patach on an ‘ayin or Chet that comes BEFORE its consonant (Does not count as a syllable). “Yeshua” is an example of this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which guttural can take a vocal shewa (Unlike the others)?

A

Resh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What to guttrals take Instead of Shewa?

A

Chatef patach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a segolate?

A

a 2-syllable word with initial Stress, originally monosyllabic -a (e.g. kalb > kélev)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Under what letters can you never have a Vocal Shewa?

A

guttral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How are Segolate nouns are pluralised?

A

with Shewa and Qamets followed by masculine plural ending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the Guttrals are…

A

aleph א‎, he ה‎, chet ח‎, ayin ע‎, and (sometimes) resh ר‎

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Gutturals very rarely take…

A

Dagesh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

When does a Definite article Lengthen with Qamets?

A

When the first letter of the word is a Guttral, since it cannot geminate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Maqef

A

Hyphenates a preposition and steals the word’s stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

BuMP Rule

A

if a word begins with Bet, Mem, or Pe, the Conjunction becomes Shureq

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How are Consonants doubled with a Dagesh forte Syllabified?

A

As both the final consonant of the first syllable and the first consonant of the second syllable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

How do you tell if a Shewa is silent or vocal?

A

Preceded by a short vowel = always Vocal

Otherwise = always silent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Short vowels prefer…

A

…closed unaccented syllables OR open accented syllables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Long vowels prefer

A

…closed accented syllable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Mappiq

A

dot in He (NOT to be confused with dagesh) that indicates it is consonantal and not vocalic (i.e. not a mater lectionis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Three words for “with”

A

עִם, אֵת , ב

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What counts as an unchangeable long vowel?

A

Mater lectionis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Where do adjectives come in a construct chain?

A

Always at the end (including demonstratives)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What can nouns never take in their Construct state?

A

The definite article

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

How do you translate nouns in construct state?

A

“The X of…”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

The number one (אֶחָד‎) behaves like…

A

…An adjective (follows its head & Agrees in Gender & definiteness)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The number one (אֶחָד‎) in a construct state…

A

…Precedes an absolute noun usually plural, to form a partative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

The Number two (שְׁנַיִם) is classified as…

A

…a noun

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

The absolute and construct forms of the Number two (שְׁנַיִם)…

A

…are used interchangeably without affecting the meaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

In numbers 3-10, spelling changes are only used to indicate…

A

…changes in gender and state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Numbers 3-10 are classified as…

A

…Nouns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Numbers 3-10 do not have to agree with their head nouns…

A

…in Gender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Numbers two & ten may occur…

A

…with pronominal suffixes (e.g. Two of them)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

the two criteria for a Qamets being Khatuf are…

A

…Closed & unaccented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Standard construct masculine plural ending

A

Tsere Yod (-ey)

48
Q

Silent shwa comes after…

A

…a short vowel

49
Q

Strong Verbs…

A

…have three consonants, none of which is a guttural

50
Q

Niphal Stem

A

Simple Passive or Reflexive

51
Q

Hiphil Stem

A

Causative Active

52
Q

Hophal Stem

A

Causative Passive

53
Q

Piel Stem

A

Intensive Active

54
Q

Pual Stem

A

Expresses Intensive action in the Passive voice

55
Q

Simple Active

A

Qal

56
Q

Simple Passive

A

Niphal

57
Q

Simple Reflexive

A

Niphal

58
Q

Causative Active

A

Hiphil

59
Q

Causative Passive

A

Hophal

60
Q

Causative Reflexive

A

Null.

61
Q

Intensive active

A

Piel

62
Q

Intensive passive

A

Pual

63
Q

Intensive reflexive

A

Hithpael

64
Q

What are the weak consonants?

A

Guttrals (incl. Resh) plus Nun & Yod

65
Q

What are the weak verbal roots

A

Biconsonantal (hollow) and Geminate

66
Q

Default Hebrew Syntax

A

Verb-Subject-Object (e.g. Genesis 1:1)

67
Q

Default Hebrew parsing pattern

A

Stem-Conjugation-person-gender-number (e.g. Qal-Perfect-first-common-singular from XXX)

68
Q

Binyan chart

A

Active, Reflexive & Passive x Simple, Causal & intensive

69
Q

Perfect-tense Stative Verbs tend to translate…

A

as present

70
Q

Perfect-tense Stative Verbs of perception or attitude often translate…

A

as present

71
Q

Weak verbs have…

A

guttral radicals or begin with nun or yod

72
Q

shorthand verbal paradigm

A

-i
-ta (-t)
-_ā_a_ah
-nu
-tem (-ten)
-u

73
Q

Qal perfect weak verbs conjugate

A

…the same as strong verbs except that vowel rules apply to guttrals (i.e. reduced vowels where there would otherwise be a shewa

74
Q

1st vowel reduces to shewa in which person?

A

2nd person plural (i.e. Q’taltem/ten)

75
Q

2nd vowel reduces to shewa in which persons?

A

3cp & 3fs

76
Q

Directional he

A

suffix -he meaning ‘to’ (analgous to the -adze ending in Greek)

77
Q

how do you tell the difference between a directional he and a feminine ending

A

stress position (final vs first respectively)

78
Q

Maqef converts…

A

a segol to a tsere

79
Q

III-Aleph Paradigm changes

A

Essentially the same as strong except for changes in the stem
(Patach changes to Qamets as per pronunication rules and dagesh is dropped from Tav (i.e. “Qatalta” but “matsahthi”))

80
Q

stem vowel

A

vowel of the 2nd radical

80
Q

III-He Paradigm changes

A

He is lost and converts to Yod except in 3cp where it is dropped altogether and 3fs where it becomes a tav

81
Q

If you use segol in את you must also use…

A

a maqqef

82
Q

Construct nouns cannot take…

A

definite article

83
Q

no definite article on…

A

construct nouns

84
Q

Definite article is always followed by…

A

Dagesh forte

85
Q

Cannot have vocal shewa…

A

at the beginning of the word

86
Q

attributive adjective

A

any non-copulated adjective

87
Q

predicative adjective

A

a copulated adjective

88
Q

Substantive adjective

A

an adjective forming a noun

89
Q

proper nouns are always…

A

definite

90
Q

Which Qal-imperfect conjugations are the same?

A

3fs & 2ms; Both feminine Plurals (2fp & 3fp)

91
Q

Cholem reduces to vocal shewa in which persons of the Qal imperfect?

A

2fs, & 3rd plural

92
Q

Which persons of the Qal imperfect have sufformitives as well as preformatives?

A

2fs, + all plurals except 1cs

93
Q

Qal perfect stem-vowel

A

Patach

94
Q

Qal imperfect stem-vowel

A

Holem

95
Q

When is the Qal imperfect stem-vowel reduced to a Vocal Shewa

A

when the sufformative consists of a vowel (2fs and masculine plural)

96
Q

What is a nun Paragocigum?

A

a final nun in Qal imperfect Masculine plural verbs (Similar to a movable nu in Greek) that causes shureq to be written as Qibbuts- Does not otherwise change spelling or pronunciation and has no effect on meaning.

97
Q

Stative verbs are classified by a different…

A

stem-vowel

98
Q

Stative verbs in the Qal imperfect…

A

have patach as their stem-vowel regardless of the perfect (so “ekbad” rather than “ekbed”)

99
Q

Monica Lewinsky rule

A

Mem will sometimes drop a dagesh forte

100
Q

when a nun assimilates…

A

the following consonant geminates (takes a Dagesh forte)

101
Q

letters assimilate into…

A

the following letter

102
Q

when a Shoresh beginning with a Yod is conjugated…

A

the Yod drops out (sometimes replaced by the yod of 3ms)

103
Q

When an imperfect verb is prefixed with the Waw consecutive…

A

it is translated as if it were a perfect verb

104
Q

Consecutive imperfect is spelt…

A

with the conjunction Waw, Pathach (Qamets in 1cp), and a Dagesh forte in the preformative

105
Q

What is compensatory lengthening?

A

When a vowel lengthens in response to the following consonant rejecting a Dagesh forte (as in the case of Gutturals)

106
Q

How to distinguish between Waw consecutive and Waw Conjunction on an imperfect verb?

A

Patach vs Shewa

107
Q

frequently, a past-tense narrative sequence involving a Waw-consecutive sequence will begin with…

A

a verb in the perfect

108
Q

When someone is described as an age, it literally says…

A

“son/daughter of X years”

109
Q

Imperative forms are derived from their corresponding…

A

imperfect forms (without preformatives)

110
Q

About 300 times, the Qal imperative 2ms occurs with…

A

Qamets hatuf, Silent Shewa, -ah

111
Q

Lexical form of biconsonantal verbs is

A

Qal Infinitve construct

112
Q

middle vowel of a biconsonantal verb

A

is shureq, holem waw, or yod

113
Q

A verbal root with preposition will almost always be…

A

infinitive construct

114
Q

Participles do not have…

A

tense or person

Hebrew (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions