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Japanese ATAR Flashcards Pt.1 > Grammar Flashcards > Flashcards

Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

begin to

A

s　v　＋　はじめる

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2
Q

effort

A

〜ようにする

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3
Q

so that

A

〜c　v　ように

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4
Q

intention

A

〜ようと思う

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5
Q

even though

A

〜のに

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6
Q

seems like

A

〜みたい

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7
Q

expressing desire

A

Stem + たいと思います

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8
Q

expressing strong desire

A

Stem + たいと思っています

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9
Q

denying permission

A

～てはいけません

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10
Q

expressing you must not

A

～てはだめです

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11
Q

granting permission

A

～てもいいです

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12
Q

expressing doing one action, before another

A

Finite form 前（に）

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13
Q

expressing your ability

A

Finite form ことができます

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14
Q

expressing the time frame (when)

A

Finite form 時

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15
Q

during the time (whilst)

A

Finite form 間（に）

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16
Q

quoting what someone said

A

Finite form と言う

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17
Q

quoting what someone thinks

A

Finite form と思う

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18
Q

expressing please don’t do something

A

Base + ないでください

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19
Q

advising one not to do something

A

Base + ないほうがいいです

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20
Q

expressing that you must do

A

Base + なければなりません

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21
Q

expressing that you have to

A

Base + なくてはいけません

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22
Q

indicating that you don’t have to do something

A

Base + なくてもいいです

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23
Q

giving advice

A

～たほうがいいです

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24
Q

giving examples of actions within a context

A

～たり〜たり

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25
Q

expressing alternative states

A

～たり〜たり

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26
Q

expressing doing one action after another

A

～た後（で）

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27
Q

expressing your experience

A

～たことがある

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28
Q

give to me (my group)

A

Noun をくれる

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29
Q

give to another

A

Noun をあげる

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30
Q

receive from

A

Noun をもらう

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31
Q

sequencing before

A

Noun の前（に）

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32
Q

during the time, whilst

A

Noun の間（に）

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33
Q

sequencing after

A

Noun の後（で）

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34
Q

the time when

A

Noun の時（に）

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35
Q

called

A

Noun + という+ noun…

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36
Q

nominalisation (the one)

A

の

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37
Q

nominalisation

A

こと

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38
Q

expressing how an action is performed

A

い adjective～く
な adjective～に

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39
Q

expressing how something changes

A

い adjective～くなる
な adjective～になる

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40
Q

expressing how you change something

A

い adjective～くする
な adjective～にする

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41
Q

subject

A

が

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42
Q

indicating extent

A

で

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43
Q

soft question marker

A

の

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44
Q

soft sentence ending

A

の

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45
Q

interjection (expressing feelings)

A

かな

46
Q

expressing indecision (feminine)

A

かしら

47
Q

mild emphasis (feminine)

A

わ

48
Q

however (but)

A

けれど
けど

49
Q

giving a reason ( since, so)

A

～から

50
Q

cause, reason (because, since, so)

A

～ので

51
Q

linking (besides that, what’s more)

A

それに

52
Q

linking (and so)

A

それで

53
Q

quoting speech or thoughts

A

～と

54
Q

saying something is difficult to do

A

Stem + にくいです

55
Q

saying something is easy to do

A

Stem + やすいです

56
Q

indicating actions done simultaneously

A

Stem + ながら

57
Q

expressing how to do something

A

Stem + 方

58
Q

doing an action or favour for me (my group)

A

～てくれます

59
Q

doing a favour for another

A

～てあげます

60
Q

receiving a favour

A

～てもらいます

61
Q

conditional (when)

A

Finite form と

62
Q

reporting what someone else said/hearsay

A

Finite form そうです

63
Q

giving a comparison

A

Finite form より/ほうが

64
Q

asking a comparison question

A

Finite form のと finite form のと…ですか

65
Q

indicating probability

A

Finite form でしょう

66
Q

indicating possibility

A

Finite form かもしれません

67
Q

expressing intention

A

Finite form つもりです

68
Q

expressing a condition

A

～たら

69
Q

making comparisons

A

Noun + は noun とくらべて

70
Q

asking about comparisons

A

Noun + と noun + と

71
Q

making comparisons

A

Noun + より noun のほうが …

72
Q

indicating that something is the same

A

Noun + は noun + とおなじです

73
Q

expressing something is different

A

Noun + は noun とちがいます

74
Q

asking what something is

A

Noun + って
Noun + というのは～

75
Q

expressing the first time

A

Noun ははじめてです。

76
Q

indicating that one starts doing something

A

Stem + はじめます

77
Q

finish doing something with regret

A

～て+しまいます

78
Q

expressing that you do something completely

A

～て+しまいます

79
Q

expressing when you do something in preparation; in advance

A

～て+おきます

80
Q

finish doing something with regret (causal form)

A

食べてしまう　　→　食べちゃう
食べてしまった　→　食べちゃった

81
Q

expressing distress, confusion

A

～て+こまります

82
Q

expressing even if an action or condition exits

A

～て+も

83
Q

indicating intention

A

Finite form よてい

84
Q

linking statements or accentuating a reason

A

Finite form し

85
Q

even though, despite, although

A

Finite form のに

86
Q

forming a complex noun phrase

A

Finite form NOUN

87
Q

expressing whether or not

A

Finite form かどうか

88
Q

expressing whether or if

A

Finite form か

89
Q

explaining, clarifying

A

Finite form んです
Finite form のです

90
Q

expressing appearance; or likelihood

A

Finite form みたい
Adjective みたい
Noun みたい

91
Q

make an effort not to

A

Base + ないようにする

92
Q

make sure you do not

A

Base + ないようにする

93
Q

so that something won’t happen

A

Base + ないように

94
Q

advice

A

Base + ないように

95
Q

without/instead of

A

Base + ないで

96
Q

complex sentences

A

の

97
Q

adjectival clause

A

の

98
Q

indefinite or something (else)

A

でも

99
Q

extent + negative (only)

A

しか

100
Q

extent (only)

A

だけ

101
Q

expressing an intention

A

Base + と思います

102
Q

expressing a suggestion

A

Base + ～おう～よう

103
Q

expressing persuasion

A

Base + ～おう～よう

104
Q

indicating that you can do something

A

Base + えます
Base + られます

105
Q

expressing that someone wants someone to do something

A

～て+ほしい

106
Q

indicating purpose

A

Finite form ため（に）

107
Q

getting to the state where…

A

Finite form ようになる

108
Q

a change has taken place

A

Finite form ようになる

109
Q

purpose, for the benefit of

A

Noun のために

110
Q

according to something/someone

A

Noun によると～そうです

111
Q

started to , learned to

A

Potential form + ようになる

112
Q

so that

A

Potential + ように

Japanese ATAR Flashcards Pt.1 (26 decks)

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