Grammar: Comparative & Superlative Flashcards
True or false: there are 7 types of comparative phrases?
- They are as equal to each other
• Bill is equally as big as Ben
- The are the same…
• Simon and Garfunkle are the same size.
- They have the same…
• Hassen en Mouhsine have the same height.
- The are both the same…
• They are both the same size.
- They are the exact same (use for measurements)
• They measure the exact same centimeters.
- Greater or lesser than what others have
- That sweater is bigger than my sweater
- My sweater is bluer than the sweater of Agnieska.
- Inherently more one thing than another
- I find the sweater more purple than green
- My bedroom is more wide than long
True!
True or false: We can view these as superlatives?
- In order of superiority
- Big, bigger, bestest
- kind, kinder, kindest
- Most
- Most fresh
- Most robust
- The mostest
- The sweater is the biggest
- The rug is the whitest
- The chocolate is the nicest
True!
‘Hassan is even groot als Mouhsine’ means?
Hassan is the SAME size AS Mouhsine
What does ‘Hassan en Mouhsine zijn even groot?’ mean?
Hassan and Mouhsine ARE the same size
‘Hassan en Mouhsine hebben dezelfde lengte’ means?
Hassan and Mouhsine HAVE the same height.
What do dezelfde and hetzelfde mean?
The same
What is the difference between ‘dezelfde’ and ‘hetzelfde’?
Dezelfde is for ‘de’ verbs (de auto)
Hetzelfde is for ‘het ‘ verbs (het boek)
Give an example of using ‘dezelfde’?
We hebben dezelfde auto
(We have the same car)
De auto
Use ‘hetzelfde’?
Ze lezen hetzelfde biek
(They read the same book)
Het boek
‘Allebei’ means?
Both
‘Allebei’ means?
Both
Translate: Ze zijn allebei even groot?
They are BOTH the same size.
Define ‘evenvell’
The exact same
Translate: ‘Ze meten evenveel centimeters’
They measure the EXACT SAME centimeters.
Ways to say there is a difference:
- Geen van beiden
- Neit even…als
- Neit evenveel
- Neit de/hetzelfde
- Neither = Geen van beiden
- Not the same…as = Even…als
- Not the exact same = Neit evenveel
- Not the same = Neit de/hetzelfde
Adjective 》 comparative 》 superlative
Provide sentences for comparisons:
Adjective 》 ER 》 ST
Klein 》 kliener 》Kleinst (small))
Blauw 》 blauwer 》blauwst (blue)
Mooi 》mooier 》moist (pretty)
Lang 》 langer 》 Langst (long)
Prachtig 》 prachtiger 》prachtigst (beautiful)
Leuk 》Leuker 》leukst (fun)
De jongen is klien 》 het meisje is kliener 》de baby is het kleinst
Adjective. ER. HET + ...ST
The boy is small. The girl is smaller. The baby is the smallest
het meisje is mooi 》het model is mooier 》Miss World is het mooist
The girl is pretty. The model is prettier. Miss World is the most beautiful
Comparisons: Adjective 》 comparative 》 superlative
Rule: Double the consonant in the COMPARATIVE to ‘close the syllable’
Dik 》 dikKer 》het dikst
Thick, thicker, the thikkest
Dun 》 DunNer 》het dunst
Thin, thinner, thinnest
Comparisons: Adjective 》 comparative 》 superlative
Rules for changing letters:
For long vowels, remove the second double from the comparativevand add into superlative:
GrOOt 》 groter 》het grOOst (big)
AangenAAm 》 aangenamer 》het angenAAmst (pleasant)
the consonant in the COMPARATIVE to ‘close the syllable’
Example:
Arnhem is groot 》Utrecht is groter 》 Amsterdam us het groost
Arnhem is big, Utrecht is bigger, Amsterdam is the biggest
Comparisons rules: Adjective 》 comparative 》 superlative
If the adjective ends in an ‘f’, change the comparitive to a ‘v’, revert back in the superlative:
• lieF 》 lieVer 》 liefst
Sweet, sweeter, sweetest
If the adjective ends with an ‘s’, change to ‘z’, revert back to ‘s’ in the superlative:
• Vies 》viezer 》viest
Dirty, dirtier, dirtiest
Other examples of ‘V’
Leaf 》leaver 》leest
Lovely, lovelier, loveliest
Irregular forms:
Adjectives 》 comparative 》 superlative
Goed. 》beter 》 beste (good, better, best)
Weinig 》 minder 》minst (little, less, least)
Graag 》liever 》liefst (like, rather, preferable)
Veel 》 meer 》 meest (much, more, most)
Examples:
• Ik speel goed, zij speel beter, hij speel het beste
(I play good, she plays better, he plays best).
• Ik graag thee, ik liever koffie, ik drink het liefst een biertjie
I like tea, I prefer coffee, I drink preferably a beer.
• Een kilo suiker is weinig, en pond in minder, een ons is het minst hoeveelheid
A kilo is little, a pound is less, an ounce is the least amount.
COMPARATIVE: Using DAN
What do these phrases mean?
Die trui is groter DAN mijn trui.
Die trui is kleiner DAN mijn tui.
Mijn trui is blauwer DAN de trui van Agnieska.
Die trui van Thaves is mooir DAN die van Hassan.
That sweater is bigger than my sweater
That sweatervis smaller than my sweater
My sweatercis bluer than that sweatercof Agnieska.
That sweater from Thaves is prettier than the one from Hassan.
What does ‘meer’ mean?
More
Use ‘meer’ when comparing two adjectives (attributes) with each other:
- purple/green
- Wide / long
- Dead / alive
Ik vind die trui meer pairs dan green.
(I find that sweater more purple than blue)
Mijn badkammer is meer breed dan lang
(my bathroom is more wide than long)
Ze werd meer door dan levend uit het water opgevist
She was more dead than alive from the water retrieved.
