Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Praxis 5039 > Grammar and Language use > Flashcards

Grammar and Language use Flashcards

1
Q

Absolute Phrase

A

Noun plus participle in which the participle follows the noun it modifies, the phrase acts as an adverb, usually answers “under what conditions” ie her eyes closing, Sandra…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Action or Helping Verbs

A

Have, has, had, do, does, did

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Active Voice

A

Expresses a dynamic action: They played tennis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Adjective Clause

A

Play a describing role by adding information ie my dad, (who builds clocks), is awesome. Commonly begin with question words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adjectives

A

Modify or describe nouns - typically answer what kind, which one, how many, how much, whose etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Adverb Clause

A

Introduced by subordinating conjunctions, modify independent clauses by answering adverb questions ie Because she loves pizza, we took her…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Adverbs

A

Modify or describe verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, and entire sentences - typically answer where, when, why, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Alliteration

A

Repetition of the same sound, usually the initial letter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Antithesis

A

Contrast in parallel phrases or clauses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Appositive Phrase

A

Rename the word or group that comes before it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Assonance

A

Repetition of vowels or vowels sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cognitive Strategies

A

Help students remember and organize both content and language learning information ie. comprehension, writing, problem solving, reasoning, and self-regulation strategies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Colon

A

Used with lists, definitions, clarification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Comma Splice

A

When a comma is used in error to join to independent clauses, can be fixed with semi-colon, conjunction, or splitting into two sentences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Communicative Competence

A

Being able to speak a language both appropriately in a social context as ell as correctly in terms of rules and structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Complex Sentence

A

One independent clause and one or more dependent clauses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Compound sentence

A

Two or more independent clauses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Compound-complex Sentence

A

Two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Conditional Sentences

A

Use the subjunctive and use would, could, should.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Conjunctions

A

Join words into phrases, clauses, sentences via coordinating (and, for, but, or), correlative (whether/or, either/or), and subordinating (join dependent clauses to independent clauses to which they are related)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Continuous/Progressive Tense

A

I was giving, I am giving, I will be giving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Discourse Competence

A

The knowledge of how to construct smaller units of language like phrases and sentences into cohesive, longer works

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Em dash

A

Used to indicate an abrupt break and emphasize words within dashes –

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

En dash

A

Used to indicate range of dates, etc -

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Euphemism
A pleasant-sounding expression for words that may be unpleasant in meaning
26
Euphony
Words that sound pleasant because of their letter sounds
27
Figures of speech
Expressions that communicate meaning in a way that is indirect or imaginative instead of literal
28
Gerund Phrase
Type of verbal phrase that begins with gerund (-ing and acting as a noun) ie Writing numerous cards
29
Grammar
The structures and systems that make up a language
30
Helping Verbs
Shall, will, should, would, may, might, must, can, could
31
Imperative Verbs
State a command: PLAY tennis!
32
Indefinite Pronouns
Replace nouns to avoid repetition: SEVERAL came to the party to see BOTH.
33
Indicative Verbs
State facts: My brother PLAYS tennis.
34
Infinitive Phrase
Verbal phrase that can act as a noun, adjective, or an adverb. Begin with the word TO, then a verb ie to walk to the house, to eat food
35
Interjections
Have no grammatical attachments ie. Ouch! Wow!
36
Interrogative Pronouns
Begin questions: WHO worked last weekend?
37
Intransitive Verbs
Do not take an object ie. lie (to recline), rise (to get up), sit (to be seated)
38
Language Diversification
Variances in usage across dialects, regionalisms, and cultures
39
Language Policy
What a government does to regulate what language(s) are spoken and where and when in a country
40
Linguistic Competence
Refers to knowledge of linguistic components such as syntax, semantics, etc.
41
Linking or Action Verbs
Taste, feel, smell, sound, look, appear, become, seem, grow, remain, stay
42
Linking Verbs
Join the subject to the subject compliment ie the dog is cute. ie. am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been
43
Mechanics
The rules that govern punctuation, capitalization, and spelling
44
Metacognitive Strategies
Focus on thinking about thinking ie Identify what is known and what i not, plan, keep a thought journal, talk about thinking, self-evaluate, debrief
45
Noun Clause
Do not modify, act as nouns, introduced by relative pronouns and relative adverbs, fill in for subject, object of preposition, or direct object ie (When she will move) has not been determined (acts as subject)
46
Noun Phrase
Consists of a noun and its modifiers
47
Nouns
Person, place, thing, idea
48
Oxymoron
Juxtaposition of seemingly contradictory words
49
Paradox
Seemingly contradictory statement
50
Participial Phrase
Verbal phrase that acts as an adjective ie. Enjoying the stars, john..., Jon, known for his golf skills...
51
Parts of Speech
The building blocks of sentences, paragraphs and texts. There are 8: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives, conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections
52
Passive Voice
Used to indicate the subject is acted upon: Tennis was played at the club.
53
Perfect Continuous/Progressive Tense
I had been giving, I have been giving, I will have been giving
54
Perfect Tense
I had given, I have given, I will have given
55
Personal Pronouns
Act as subjects or objects in a sentence: SHE got a letter.
56
Phrase
A group of words that communicates a partial idea and lacks either a subject or predicate
57
Possessive Pronouns
Indicate possession: MY coat is red.
58
Prepositional Phrase
Begins with a preposition and ends with the object of the preposition
59
Prepositions
Set up relationships in time or space in a sentence
60
Reflexive or Intensive Pronouns
Intensify a noun or reflect back on a noun: I made the dessert MYSELF.
61
Regional and Social Dialects
Varieties of a language that people in a certain region or social group speak
62
Register
Degrees of formality, differences in setting, appropriate context, etc.
63
Relative Pronouns
Begin dependent clauses: Charlie, WHO made the clocks, works in the basement
64
Semi-colon
Used to show general relationship between two independent clauses (IC;IC)
65
Simple Sentence
One independent clause
66
Simple Tense
I gave, I give, I will give
67
Sociolinguistic Competence
Using the language in a socially appropriate way and includes understanding register
68
Sociolinguistics
The study of language and its relation to society and culture
69
Strategic Competence
The ability to recognize and repair instances of "communication breakdown" by strategic planning and/or redirecting
70
Strategies to Access Prior Knowledge
Introduce vocabulary before content, use graphic organizers, brainstorm, ask questions about the topic or content
71
Subjunctive Verbs
Make a statement of speculation or wish, formed with words like THAT. I WISH THAT I had a dog.
72
Syntax
The study of how words are combined into sentences
73
Transitive Verbs
Take an object ie. lay (something), raise (something), set (something)
74
Usage Conventions
Guide writers and speakers in word choice
75
Verb Phrase
Composed of main verb along with its helping verbs
76
Verbal Irony
The use of word that have an entirely different meaning from their literal meaning

Praxis 5039 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions