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A. KOREAN > Grammar > Flashcards

Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

에

A

Particle meaning to/at/in

location where something exists, a time something takes place or direction in which an action goes towards

Location:
I’m at home 집에 있어요
Direction:
I’m going to the park 공원에 가요
Time:
I met my friend at 7. 7실에 친구는 만았어요

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2
Q

를/을

A

Object marker

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3
Q

이 / 가

A

Noun + 이/가

Subject marker for a specific situation or to point out the difference to normal
vs 은/는 which is more general
Eg
비가 와요 it’s raining (now)
비는 와요 it rains (generally)
밥이 딱딱해요 the rice is hard (this rice)
밥은 딱딱해요 rice is hard (generally)

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4
Q

지금
이제

A

Right now
From now

Before the verb

Eg I want to go (right) now
저는지금가고싶습니다
I right now go want

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5
Q

Asking questions.
Eg do you like kimchi?
Do you eat kimchi?

A

Verb stem + ㅂ 니까 (vowel)
Verb stem + 습니까 (consonant)

김치를 좋아합니까?

김치를 먹습니까?

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6
Q

무엇

A

What

If used with a verb it is an object, therefore followed by object marker 을

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7
Q

만

A

Only (particle)

Place after the thing that is only
Eg 자만 - only I

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8
Q

Also/even/too
Eg I also…

A

도
저도…

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9
Q

And

A

와 after vowel
과 after consonant

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10
Q

How about… / what about…?

A

Noun + 은요 after consonant
Noun + 는요 after vowel

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11
Q

To come/go to do something

Eg to go to eat
To go to bed
To come to see a movie

A

Verb stem + (으)러

Eg 먹으러가다
자러가다
영화를 보러오다

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12
Q
  • 고
    Eg
    I will Eat then go
    I Slept then studied Korean
A

‘Then’
ie x then y (not always connected items/actions)

Eg
I will eat then go
밥을 먹고 갈 거에요

I slept then studied Korean
자고 한국어를 공부했어요

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13
Q

ㅡㄹ래요

A

Verb + ㄹ 래요
Used to express the speaker asking listeners intention

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14
Q

무슨

A

무슨 + noun
Used to ask what kind something is

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15
Q

-지요

A

Added to a verb/adjective/noun to ask something that the speaker may already know but wants to confirm

먹었지요? Have you eaten?
하지요? Are you doing it?
요리하지요? Are you cooking?

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16
Q

에서

A

에서 - location where something is happening
Eg
take a photos in the park
고원에서 사진을 찍어요

17
Q

Plural

A

Noun + 들

18
Q

Edit an adjective to describe a noun
Big boat
Expensive food
Cheap thing
A lot of money

A

ㄴ/은

Big boat
큰배

Expensive food
비싼음식

Cheap thing
싼것

A lot of money
많은돈

19
Q

Subject marker for general descriptions

[Noun] is [verb]
Rice is hard
Mountain is tall
The weather is good

A

는/은

Noun + 은/는

Eg
The rice is hard
밥은 딱딱해요

The mountain is tall
산은 높아요

The weather is good
날씨는 좋아요

20
Q

‘Then’ when the two actions are connected.
I will Go to school then study
I Came home then slept

A

어서/아서
Often with 가/오다

Eg
Go to school then study
학교에 가서 공부할거에요

Came home then slept
집에 와서 잤어요

21
Q

To get/become [adjective/state]
Combo for: getting/becoming [adjective/state]
To get cold -> I’m getting cold
To become happy -> I’m becoming happy

A

아/어 지다 (+ 고있어요)

Eg
To get cold
추워지다
I’m getting cold
추워지 고있어요

To become happy
행복해지다
I’m becoming happy
행복해지 고있어요

22
Q

Superlatives (most/least/-est)
I run the fastest
Sumin is the prettiest
Maths is the hardest

A

가장 or 제일
가장/제일 + adjective/adverb

Eg
I run the fastest
가장 빨리 달려

Sumin is the prettiest/most pretty
수민씨는 가장 아름다워요

Maths is the hardest
수학은 제일 힘들어요

23
Q

Comparatives (more/-ier/less)
Today is hotter than yesterday
I ate more than my brother
I have more money than my father

A

보다
Thing + 보다

Today is hotter (than yesterday)
어제보다 더워요

I ate more than my brother
남동생보다 밥을 먹었어요

I have more money than my father
저는 저의 아버지보다 돈이 않아요

24
Q

고

A

‘Then’ / ‘and’
Simple connector for things not in sequence

x happens 고 y happens
운동 하고 먹어요
I will exercise and/then eat

25
Q

은/는 / 이가

A

Subject markers

은/는 has 2 meanings
1) narrow down to single option/case (eg 저는)
2) subject marker

이/가
Subject marker and paired with
1) active verb
2) 있다/없어

26
Q

Verb 1 or verb 2
Eg

A

거나

27
Q

Noun 1 or noun 2
Eg metro or bus?

A

Noun + 이나/나 + noun 2
지하철 이나 버스

28
Q

If (or when)
Eg if/when you get to school, let me know
When I arrive home, I will do laundry

A

Verb + ㄴ/는 다면
학교에 간다면 알려주세요
집에 도착한다면 빨래를 할거에요

29
Q

Linking items in a list
Eg apple and orange

A

1) 하고 - 사과 하고 오렌지
2) 와/과 (vowel / consonant) - 사과 와 오렌지
3) 이랑/랑 (consonant / vowel) 사과 랑 오렌지

30
Q

Intention to do a verb
Eg
I will do
I will eat

A

겠
하겠어요
먹겠어요

31
Q

To or from a third person
Eg (speaking to a third party):
Give to sumin
someone is calling sumin

A

한테 / 에게
Recipient of action + 한테
Eg
수민씨 한테 주세요
수민시 한테 전화가 왔어요

A. KOREAN (26 decks)

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