Grammar Flashcards
Holophrastic/one-word
The stage where one word has a bigger meaning for the child: first words.
Two-word.
Beginning of syntactical development. ‘Daddy kick’ means ‘dad, kick the ball!’
Telegraphic
Joining two or more words. Development of questions, negatives and pronouns.
Post telegraphic
Remaining function words acquired and used appropriately.
Spatial Adjective
An adjective that relates to the position, size and shape of something - ‘big’, ‘large’, ‘round’.
Superlative Adjective
Saddest, most beautiful, better, worse.
Comparative adjective
Sadder, most beautiful, best, worst.
Noun
Person, place, object or thing.
Verb
A word to describe a state, action or occurrence.
Preposition
A word expressing a relation to another element - the man ON the platform //// she ate AFTER the show.
Pronoun
‘I’, ‘We’, ‘You’, etc.
Interrogative Pronouns
Which, what, whom, who and whose (come at beginning of interrogatives)
Bound morpheme
‘ing’ - a morpheme that cannot stand alone
Free morpheme
a morpheme that can stand alone
Present participle
Adding ‘ing’ to the end of a noun (usually) - this is the most common way of recognising them.
Adverb
Usually end in ‘ly’, often modifies. ‘slowly’ ‘quickly’ ‘aggravatingly’, etc.
Conjunction
And, but, if - a word that connects clauses or sentences together.
Virtuous errors
Syntactic errors made by kids in which the utterance reveals an understanding.
Stative verb
verbs that describe a state. Not usually used in the progressive.
Dynamic verb
A type of verb that expresses activities and changes of state, allowing such forms as the progressive.
Copula Verb
A verb to join a subject to a complement - ‘is’, ‘are’.
Auxiliary verbs
Is, was, had
Primary auxiliary verbs
be, have, do.
Dummy auxiliary
Do (as you need it to form questions, but it makes no sense on its own)
Modal auxiliary verbs
might, should, could, would, may, can, shall, will, must - they need a main verb.
