Grammar

Question 1

Construction
Subject - Pronoun OR Pronoun - Subject

Answer 1

Subject - Pronoun
Babae Ako
(Subject) (Pronoun)

Question 2

Pronoun “Ako”

Answer 2

I
(ex. Babae ako, lalaki ako)

Question 3

Pronoun “Siya”

Answer 3

He/She, pronouns are gender-neutral.
(ex. Babae siya, lalaki siya)

Question 4

Specific nouns with the “o” affix are associated with males, while those with the “a” affix are with females.

Answer 4

Ex.
Male : Filipino, Tindero, Inhinyero, Lolo, Manong.
Female : Filipina, Tindera, Inhinyera, Lola, Manang.
English : Filipino, Vendor, Engineer, Grandfather/mother, Older man/woman.

Question 5

Telling your age
Construction : Number + taong gulang + na + Pronoun “ako”

Answer 5

Ex.
Dalawampu’t limang taong gulang na ako.
I am twenty-five years old.
Dalawampu’t lima + ng (to link it to taong gulang
Can also mean, I am twenty-five years old already.

Question 6

Tell where you’re from (formal : Saan ka nagmula - Where are you from)
Construction : Mula + Personal Pronoun + Preposition sa + Place

Answer 6

Ex.
Mula ako sa Amerika.
I am from the USA.
Mula = from
Sa = Preposition for location

Question 7

Tell where you’re from (Casual : Taga-saan ka - Taga prefix from, saan = where, ka = you)
Construction : Taga- + Place + Personal pronoun

Answer 7

Ex.
Taga-Amerika ako.
I am from the USA.
—
Taga-Maynila siya. (He/she)
Taga-England ka. (You)

Question 8

Tell your first language
Construction : Verb Nagsasalita + Personal Pronoun + ng + Language

Answer 8

Ex.
Nagsasalita ako ng Ingles.
I speak English.
(Nagsasalita = Speak)
(Ng - Linker)
—-
Nagsasalita ka ng Aleman. (You)
Nagsasalita siya ng Tsino. (He/she)

Question 9

Affix : Mika, ipa, ipagpa, ipang, mai, maika, maipa, maka, mapa

Answer 9

Mika- is causative in the sense of defining something to be the reason of a certain event
> Ikinatuwa ko ang pagdalo nila.
> Their presence caused me to be happy/made me smile.

ipa- is also causative but in the sense of making someone else do something instead of the speaker
> Ipapaabot ko sana ang liham na ito sa iyo.
> I was hoping to have you send this letter.

📜 ipagpa- is also causative but this is kinda uncommon to use imo. probably because it kinda mixes the causative ipa- plus the beneficiary ipag-.

ipang- is instrument, as in using an object or idea to perform an action
> Ipinanluto ko ang bagong kawali.
> I made use of the new frying pan to cook.

mai- is pretty much the same as the __abilitative__ ma-, where you express a successful action or ability, or the __accidental__ ma-, where you didn’t mean to do something
> Naiuwi/Nauwi ko sa bahay ang takda ko.
> I finally/unintentionally brought or left my homework back home.

📜 maika- is normally the abilitative ma- + the causative ika-. This is kinda uncommon too. ika- will already work perfectly anyway.

maipa- is also just abilitative ma- plus the causative ipa-; being successful in making someone else do something
> Naipadala ko ba sa kaniya ang liham?
> Was I able to have him send the letter?

maka- is also accidental and abilitative, usually for unprecedented or unplanned events.
> Nakakain ako ng masarap na pansit.
> (Who knew,) I was able to eat/taste some delicious pancit noodles.

mapa- is only usually accidental for compelling situations
> Napabili na naman ako ng maraming damit.
> I ended up buying a lot of clothes again 😓.