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HESI Review > Grammar > Flashcards

Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

Noun

A

A word or group of words that names a person, place, thing, or idea

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2
Q

Common noun

A

The general, not the particular, name of a person, place, thing (nurse, hospital, syringe)

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3
Q

Proper noun

A

Th official name of a person, place, or thing (Fred, Paris, Washington University)
They are capitalized

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4
Q

Abstract noun

A

The name if a quality or a general idea (persistence, democracy)

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5
Q

Collective noun

A

A noun that represents a group of persons, animals, or things (family, flock, furniture)

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6
Q

Pronoun

A

Takes the place of a noun, another pronoun, or a group of words acting as a noun

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7
Q

Antecedent

A

Word or group of words to which a pronoun refers to

(The students wanted their test papers graded and returned to them in a timely manner.
The word students is the antecedent of the pronouns their and them)

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8
Q

Personal pronoun

A

Refers to a specific person, place, thing, or idea by indicating the person speaking (first person), the person or people spoken to (second person), or any other person, place, thing, or idea being talked about (third person)

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9
Q

Adjective

A

Word, phrases or clause that modifies a noun (the BIOLOGY book) or pronoun (he is NICE)

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10
Q

Participle

A

Type of verb form that functions as an adjective, usually ends in -in or -ed. (the absent-minded professor)

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11
Q

Verb

A

A word or phrase that is used to express an action or state of being

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12
Q

Tense

A

Verbs express time through a property called this

Present, Past, and Future

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13
Q

Linking verb

A

They link, or join, the subject of the sentence to a noun, pronoun, or predicate adjective

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14
Q

Adverb

A

Word, phrase, or clause that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb

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15
Q

Preposition

A

Word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to some other word in the sentence

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16
Q

Compound preposition

A

A preposition that is made up of more than one word

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17
Q

Prepositional phrase

A

Group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun, which is called the object of a preposition

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18
Q

Conjunction

A

Word that joins words, phrases, or clauses.

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19
Q

Coordinating conjunction

A

And, but, or, so, nor, for, yet

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20
Q

Correlative conjunction

A

Work in pairs to join words or phrases (Neither the pharmacist nor her assistance could read the physician’s handwriting)

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21
Q

Subordinating conjunction

A

Join two clauses or thoughts (WHILE the nurse was away on vacation, the hospital flooded.
)

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22
Q

Interjection

A

Word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation

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23
Q

Clause

A

Group of works that has a subject and predicate

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24
Q

Independent clause

A

Expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence (THE PROFESSOR DISTRIBUTED THE EXAMINATIONS as soon as the students were seated)

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25
Q

Dependent clause

A

Begins with a subordination conjunction and does not express a complete thought and therefore cannot stand alone as a sentence (AS SOON AS THE STUDENTS WERE SEATED)

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26
Q

Indirect object

A

The person or thing that is directly affected by the action of the verb. It answers the question what or whom, after a transitive verb (the students watched the professor distribute the examinations.
The professor answers whom the students watched.)

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27
Q

Indirect object

A

The person or thing that is indirectly affected by the action of the verb. It answers the question to whom, for whom, to what, or for what after an action verb. (The professor gave his class the test results.
His class is the indirect object. It comes between the verb (gave) and the direct object (test results) and that answers the question to whom

28
Q

Phrase

A

Group of two or more words that acts as a single part of speech a sentence. A phrase be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. A phrase lacks a subject and predicate.

29
Q

Predicate

A

The part of the sentence that tells what the subject does or what is done to the subject.

30
Q

Predicate adjective

A

Follows a linking verb and helps to explain the subject

31
Q

Predicate nominative

A

A noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and helps to explain or rename the subject

32
Q

Sentence

A

A group of words that expresses a complete thought

33
Q

Declarative

A

Makes a statement

34
Q

Interrogative

A

Asks a question

35
Q

Imperative

A

Makes a command or request

36
Q

Exclamatory

A

Makes an exclamation

37
Q

Subject

A

Word, phrase, or cause that names whom or what the sentence
is about

38
Q

Compound sentence

A

Sentence that has two or more independent clauses

39
Q

Run-on sentence

A

Occurs when two or more complete sentences are written as though they were one sentence

40
Q

Pronoun case

A

Refersto the form of a noun or pronoun that indicates its relation to the other words in a sentence

41
Q

Possessive forms

A

My, mine, his, her, hers, our, ours, your, yours, their, theirs, its

42
Q

Sentence fragments

A

Incomplete sentences

43
Q

Misplaced modifiers

A

Words or groups of words that are not located properly in relation to the words they modify

44
Q

Clichés

A

Expressions or ideas that have lost their originality of impact over time because of excessive use

45
Q

Euphemism

A

Mild, indirect, or vague term that has been substituted for one that is considered harsh blunt, or offensive

46
Q

Sexist language

A

Refers to spoken or written styles that unnecessarily identify gender

47
Q

Textspeak

A

Language that is often used in text messages, emails, and other forms of electronic communication, it consists of abbreviations, slang, emoticons, and acronyms.

48
Q

Amount

A

Referring to things in bulk

49
Q

Number

A

Referring to individual, countable units

50
Q

Bring

A

Conveys action toward the speaker - to carry from a distant place to a near place

51
Q

Take

A

Conveys action away from the speaker - to carry from a near place to a distant place

52
Q

Can/could

A

Imply ability or power

53
Q

May/might

A

Imply permission

54
Q

Father

A

Measurable distant

55
Q

Further

A

Refers to a figurative distance

56
Q

Fewer

A

Numbers - things that canbe counted or numbered- and is used with plural nouns

57
Q

i. e.

A

That is

58
Q

e.g.

A

For example

59
Q

Learn

A

To receive or acquire knowledge

60
Q

Teach

A

To give or impart knowledge

61
Q

Lie

A

To recline or rest

62
Q

Which

A

Used to introducenonessential clauses

63
Q

That

A

Introduce essential clauses

64
Q

Who/ whom

A

Serve as interrogative pronouns and relative pronouns

65
Q

Interrogative pronoun

A

Used to form questions

66
Q

Relative pronoun

A

One that relates groups of words to nouns or other pronouns

HESI Review (4 decks)

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