Grammar Flashcards
What is to be as a main verb, used for?
Name
Gender
Job
Adjective
Feeling
subjective pronouns
I , you
he, she, it
we, you, they
adverbs order
manner
place
time
parts of speech
noun
verb
adjective
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
interjection
The first 8 tenses I learned
simple present
simple past
simple future
present continuous
past continuous
future continuous
present perfect
past perfect
simple present uses?
routines
facts
simple present sentence structure
subj + simple verb + …
In which situations does the simple verb, get es, in third person
if it ends with:
ch
sh
ss
x
o
z
consonant + y : ies
simple present questioning
injection with do and does
vowel + y in third person
only add s
example: plays
the 9 adverbs of frequency
1- always
2- usually
3- often
4- sometimes
5- occasionally
6- seldom
7- rarely
8- hardly ever
9- never
possible places of adverb in a sentence with main verb (not to be)
subj + adv + v + …
adv + subj + v + …
subj + v + … + adv
wrong: subj + v + adv + …
imp : Adv does not come after the main verb.
possible places of adverb in a sentence with to be
subj + to be v + adv + …
adv + subj + to be v + …
subj + to be v + … + adv
wrong: subj + adv + to be v + …
imp: Adv does not come before to be verb.
simple past tense use?
Sth which has happened and finished.
simple past tense questioning
did
In what situations do simple past verbs ending with ed, sound /t/ ?
افعال با قاعده ای که به چسپ کفش تمام می شوند.
watched
missed
worked
laughed
washed
present continuous tense uses
همین الان
آینده قطعی
شرایط در حال تغییر
present continuous sentence structure
subj + present to be + v + ing + …
How to build negative present continuous?
to be + not
present continuous questioning
inversion
to be + subj + v + ing
obj pronoun
me
you
him, her, it
us
you
them
possessive adj
my
your
his, her, its
our
your
their
possessive pronoun
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
reflexive pronoun
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
modal verbs
can, could
will, would
may, might
shall, should
must
have to, had to
has to, had to
have to questioning
has to questioning
had to questioning
do, did
may/might use
اجازه/امکان داشتن
will/would use
آینده
can/could use
توانستن
shall/should use
بهتره (باید خفیف)
“must” use
باید (الزام درونی)
have/has/had to use
باید (اجبار بیرونی)
how to build simple future
will
to be going to
How to build comparative and superlative forms in one syllable adjectives?
comparative: adj + er
superlative : the + adj + est
How to build comparative forms in adjectives with more than one syllable?
comparative: more + adj
superlative : the most + adj
How to build comparative and superlative forms in adjectives ending with y?
comparative : adj without y + ier
superlative : the + adj without y + iest
Where do we add “in” before a place name?
country
city
workplace
Where do we add “on” before a place name?
street
Where do we add “at” before a place name?
exact place
Where do we add “in” before a time?
year
month
times of day : in the midnight/morning/…
Where do we add “at” before a time?
exact time
Where do we add “on” before a time?
day
ex: on Monday
present perfect sentence structure
subj + have/has + p.p. + …
Which prepositions are commonly used in perfect tenses?
for
since
ever
yet
just
already
past perfect sentence structure
subj + had + p.p. + …
What is the type 0 conditional sentences use?
expressing facts
What is the typical type 0 conditional sentence structure?
If + simple present + simple present
ex: If you close your eyes, you can’t see.
What is the use of type 1 conditionals?
expressing possibility
What is the typical structure of a type 1 conditional sentence?
If + simple present + simple future
ex: If I have time I will go out tomorrow.
What is the use of type 2 conditionals?
imaginary situations
What does a typical type 2 conditional sentence look like?
If + simple past + would + root of verb
ex: If I had a lot of money, I would buy a big house.
What is the use of type 3 conditional sentences?
to express regretion
What does a typical type 3 conditional sentence look like?
If + past perfect + would + present perfect
ex: If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.
What are the relative words and their use?
who, which
They are used for joining two sentences, one of which adds explanation, for a word in the other one.
ex: I saw the man, who lives near us.
ex: My friend has bought a car which is absolutely marvelous.
Future continuous typical sentence structure
subj + will be + gerund + …
extreme form of “hungry”
starving
extreme form of “tired”
exhausted
extreme form of “thirsty”
perched
extreme form of “angry”
furious
