Grammar Flashcards
Convert this sentence to a wish (future): Jane won’t come to the party tomorrow.
I wish Jane would come to the party tomorrow.
Convert this sentence to a wish (future): He can’t meet us on Friday.
I wish he could meet us on Friday.
Convert this sentence to a wish (present): I am very short.
I wish I were taller.
Convert this sentence to a wish (present): I don’t know German.
I wish I knew German.
Convert this sentence to a wish (present): I can’t swim.
I wish I could swim.
Convert this sentence to a wish (present): It’s raining.
I wish it weren’t raining.
Convert this sentence to a wish (past): My parents didn’t visit me.
I wish my parents had visited me
Convert this sentence to a wish (past): My brother couldn’t attend my wedding.
I wish my brother could have attended my wedding
Rewrite the sentence below using structures with ‘wish’.
My car broke down.
I wish my car hadn’t broken down
Rewrite the sentence below using structures with ‘wish’.
My friends didn’t come to my birthday party.
I wish my friends had come to my birthday party
Rewrite the sentence below using structures with ‘wish’.
My boss doesn’t respect his employees.
I wish my boss respected his employees
Rewrite the sentence below using structures with ‘wish’.
I’ve been calling them all day and no one ever answers.
I wish SOMEONE would answer the phone
Rewrite the sentence below using structures with ‘wish’.
I am really shy.
I wish I weren’t so shy
Decide if the verb should be followed by: the infinitive, Gerund or BOTH
Start (spend) more time with my family.
I’m going to start spending more time with my family.
I’m going to start to spend more time with my family.
Decide if the verb should be followed by: the infinitive, Gerund or BOTH
Stop (smoke).
I’m going to stop smoking this year. (stop a habit)
I’m going to stop to smoke on my way to work. (interrupt an action)
STOP TO FOCUS: Take a moment and memorize “to stop doing vs to stop to do something” because of the change in meaning
Decide if the verb should be followed by: the infinitive, Gerund or BOTH
Refuse (be) negative.
Answer: INFINITIVE
I’m going to refuse to be negative.
Decide if the verb should be followed by: the infinitive, Gerund or BOTH
Practice (play) basketball.
Answer: GERUND
I’m going to practice playing basketball.
Decide if the verb should be followed by: the infinitive, Gerund or BOTH
Learn (speak) French.
Answer: INFINITIVE
I’m going to learn to speak French.
Decide if the verb should be followed by: the infinitive, Gerund or BOTH
Enjoy (listen) to music.
Answer: GERUND
I’m going to enjoy listening to music.
Decide if the verb should be followed by: the infinitive, Gerund or BOTH
Offer (help) my mom more often.
Answer: INFINITIVE
I’m going to offer to help my mom more often.
Decide if the verb should be followed by: the infinitive, Gerund or BOTH
Manage (organize) my life.
ANSWER: INFINITIVE
I’m going to manage to organize my life.
Decide if the verb should be followed by: the infinitive, Gerund or BOTH
Look forward (be) lazy.
Hint: “looking forward to” is a complete phrase, therefore “to” is not part of the infinitive verb that follows.
Actually, “to” is a preposition (i.e. by, about, for etc.) so what form of the verb follows a preposition?
Answer: GERUND
I’m going to look forward to being lazy.
Decide if the verb should be followed by: the infinitive, Gerund or BOTH
Put off (do) the chores.
Answer: GERUND
I’m going to put off doing the chores.
A WISH THAT CAN COME TRUE
Direct request/demand with “wish”
[To go with you]
We wish to go with you.
A WISH THAT CAN COME TRUE
More formal request
[To go with you]
We would like to go with you.
A WISH THAT CAN COME TRUE
Suggestion/request
[To go with you]
I hope (that) we can go with you.
I wish *(that) I can go with you.
AN IMAGINARY WISH
A private thought, a longing
[To be in my country]
I wish (that) I WERE home in my country
AN IMAGINARY WISH
An excuse due to an inability, or an expression of regret
[To go with you]
I wish (that) I COULD go with you.
AN IMAGINARY WISH
Pretend regret, or dissatisfaction
[To let me pay for dinner]
I wish that you WOULD LET me pay for dinner
AN IMAGINARY WISH
Doubtful request; anger
[To let me pay for dinner]
I wish (that) you WOULD TURN that TV off!
PRESENT UNREAL WISHES ABOUT THE PAST
Present regret over a lost opportunity
[To go with you]
I wish (that) I COULD HAVE GONE with you
PAST UNREAL WISHES
PAST regret over a lost opportunity
[To go with you]
I wish (that) I COULD HAVE GONE with you
PRESENT UNREAL WISHES ABOUT THE PAST
Present expression of displeasure about a past action.
(Remember to take the dog out)
I wish (that) you WOULD HAVE REMEMBERED to take the dog out.
PRESENT UNREAL WISHES ABOUT THE PAST
Past expression of displeasure about a past action.
(Remember to take the dog out)
I wish (that) you WOULD HAVE REMEMBERED to take the dog out
REGRET
(She regrets they did not have her size.)
She wishes (that) the store HAD HAD the shoes in her size
REGRET
(I regret you did not let me know.)
I wish (that) you HAD LET me know that you were coming.
REGRET
(They regret you did not call.)
They wish (that) you HAD CALLED before coming.
REGRET
(I regret he did not buy laptops.)
I wish (that) my boss HAD BOUGHT us laptops instead of desktop computers.
DISSATISFACTION/DISPLEASURE with the UNWILLINGNESS of someone to do something
(She is unhappy that they didn’t carry her shoe size.)
She wishes (that) the store WOULD HAVE HAD the shoes in her size.
DISSATISFACTION/DISPLEASURE with the UNWILLINGNESS of someone to do something
(I am displeased you were unwilling to communicate with me.)
I wish (that) you WOULD HAVE LET me know.
DISSATISFACTION/DISPLEASURE with the UNWILLINGNESS of someone to do something
(They are not pleased that you were unwilling to drive.)
They wish (that) you WOULD HAVE DRIVEN instead of them
DISSATISFACTION/DISPLEASURE with the UNWILLINGNESS of someone to do something
(I am displeased that he was unwilling to buy laptops.)
I wish (that) my boss WOULD HAVE BOUGHT us laptops not ipads.
I WISH (A REGRET OR A DOUBTFUL REQUEST TO CHANGE A SITUATION)
[To relax]
I wish I HAD more time so that I COULD relax
I WISH (A REGRET OR A DOUBTFUL REQUEST TO CHANGE A SITUATION/imagining a different outcome)
[To travel abroad for vacation]
I wish I COULD travel abroad FOR vacation, then I WOULD BE so happy.
REGRET
[You to be here]
I wish YOU WERE here
DOUBTFUL REQUEST
[Travel with me]
I wish YOU WOULD TRAVEL with me
REGRET ABOUT PAST SITUATION
[To tell her mother]
I wish she HADN’T TOLD her mother everything
IF ONLY
[Have more time]
If only I had more time!
IF ONLY
[Go gome]
If only I could GO home for vacation
IF ONLY
[You being here]
If only you were here!
IF ONLY
[Come with me]
If only you could come with me (I know you won’t).
I would be so happy if only you would.
IF ONLY
If only she HADN’T TOLD her mother everything.
I would be so happy if only she hadn’t told.
It’s raining. You don’t like rain.
I wish it [not-rain]
I wish it WEREN’T RAINING
It’s raining. Your friend is leaving without his coat.
I hope you [take] your coat
I hope you WILL take your coat
I hope you TAKE your coat
It was raining. Your friend caught a cold because he didn’t wear his coat. Remind him about the advice you gave.
I wish you [WEAR] your coat, but you wouldn’t listen
I wish you HAD WORN your coat, but you WOULDN’T listen.
I wish you WOULD HAVE WORN your coat, but you WOULDN’T listen.
You wish to buy a new coat, but you have no money right now
I wish I [buy] a coat
I wish I COULD BUY a new coat
You weren’t at the noon meeting. You had another appointment (Excuse)
I wish I [be] at the noon meeting, but I had another appointment
I wish I COULD HAVE BEEN at the noon meeting, but I had another appointment.
You are angry about a person failing to show up to a meeting.
I wish you [call] me to let me know you COULDN’T meet ME.
I wish you HAD CALLED me to let me know you couldn’t meet me.
I wish you WOULD HAVE CALLED me to let me know you couldn’t MEET ME.
You want to help prepare some documents for a meeting. Make a request/wish.
I (like) to help prepare the documents for the next meeting.
I WOULD LIKE TO help prepare the documents for the next meeting.
You are at a party. You want to go home. Tell your friend. Make a direct request/wish.
I (wish) leave now.
I wish TO LEAVE now
I want TO LEAVE now
Your friend wants help with homework. You want to watch a TV movie. Make an excuse.
I wish I (help) you with your homework, but I have something else planned at the moment.
I wish I could help you with your homework, but I have something else planned at the moment
At the holiday office party, your boss drank a little too much, sat on the copy machine and photocopied his behind. You missed it!
I wish I (see) that!
I wish I COULD HAVE seen that
I wish I HAD SEEN that
A few days after the holiday office party, you remember the embarrassing event and what you were thinking at that time.
I wished I (have) a camera!
I wished I had had a camera
You have an office mate who smokes. You express a somewhat angry wish.
I wish you (stop) smoking!
I wish you WOULD STOP smoking
I wish you WERE willing to STOP smoking.
A friend tells you that he was near your office earlier that day, but didn’t want to bother you. You express your regrets.
I wish you (stop) by the office for a cup of coffee.
I wish you HAD STOPPED by the office for a cup of coffee
I wish you WOULD HAVE STOPPED by the office for a cup of coffee.
Next year, I will HAVE _____ (work) in S4N for 3 years
Next year, I will HAVE WORKED in S4N for 3 years
Other options
Tomorrow, we will have been working for EPAM for a year
Tomorrow, we will have worked at EPAM for 1 year
We celebrate 1 year of working for EPAM tomorrow
Tomorrow is our first work anniversary with EPAM
Tomorrow, we celebrate our 1-year anniversary of working at/for EPAM
We celebrate our 1-year anniversary of working at/for EPAM tomorrow
Tomorrow is our first year of working at EPAM
¿Cómo te pareció la tormenta anoche?
How about that storm last night?
