GRAMMAIRE ET FAITS DE LANGUE Flashcards
What are examples of invariable animals?
sheep, deer, fish, salmon, trout, moose, bison, reindeer, cod
What are examples of invariable collectives?
fruit, cattle, offspring, poultry, aircraft, spacecraft
What are examples of scientific and technical terms that are invariable?
species, series, means, headquarters, barracks
What are examples of clothing items that are always plural?
trousers, jeans, shorts, glasses, scissors, pyjamas
What are examples of abstract nouns that are always singular?
information, advice, news, furniture, luggage, equipment, money, progress, homework
Quelles sont les deux catégories de noms ?
Dénombrables / Indénombrables
ARTICLE
A/AN
Article indéfini
Nom non spécifique
ARTICLE
THE
Article défini
Nom spécifique
ARTICLE
Ø
Article zéro
Nom indénombrable, notion générale et concept
GENITIF
‘S
Êtres animés
*Tom’s car
*Groupe
*Students’ books
*Notion de temps
Today’s weather
GENITIF
OF
Objets inanimés
The door of the house
Concepts abstraits
The history of England
Compléments longs
The success of the project we started last year ≠ The project’s success
GENITIF
Double génétif
Insistance sur l’appartenance parmi plusieurs éléments
A friend of John’s = Un (des) ami de John
GENITIF
Elliptique
Lorsque le context est évident
I went to my parents’ (house)
I bought this at the baker’s (shop)
NOMS COMPOSES
NOM + NOM
Pluriels
Le -s se place sur le deuxieme mot
NOMS COMPOSES
ADJ + NOM
pluriel + accentuation
Accentuation sur le 1e mot
-s sur le 2e mot au pluriel
NOMS COMPOSES
VERBE + NOM
fonction + pluriel
L’action du verbe décrit la fonction du mot
-s sur le 2e mot au pluriel
NOMS COMPOSES
NOM + VERBE
fonction + pluriels
Décrit des activités
Pas de pluriel
PLURIELS NOMS COMPOSES
Nom + Nom
Le deuxième mot prend le pluriel.
Exemple: toothbrush, toothbrushes
PLURIELS NOMS COMPOSES
Nom + Préposition + Nom
Le premier mot prend le pluriel.
Exemple: mother-in-law, mothers-in-law
PLURIELS NOMS COMPOSES
Verbe + Nom
Le nom prend le pluriel.
Exemple: swimming pool, swimming pools
PLURIELS NOMS COMPOSES
Nom + Verbe-ing (activité)
Invariable, pas de pluriel.
Exemple: bird-watching, bird-watching (reste inchangé)
PLURIELS NOMS COMPOSES
Nom + Verbe-ing (objet concret)
Peut prendre un -s si c’est un objet concret.
Exemple: a painting, paintings
PLURIELS NOMS COMPOSES
Verbe + Particule
Le dernier mot prend le pluriel.
Exemple: check-in, check-ins
PLURIELS NOMS COMPOSES
Expression figée
Le dernier mot prend le pluriel.
Exemple: breakdown, breakdowns
PLURIELS NOMS COMPOSES
Nom invariable
Pas de changement.
Exemple: aircraft, aircraft (reste inchangé)
LA CHAINE DES ADJECTIFS
Opinion, Taille, Age, Forme, Couleur, Origine, Matiere, Fonction
OTAFCOMF
(Les) Ours tranquilles attendent fébrilement chaque orage, mysterieux et foudroyant
afraid
He is afraid of spiders.
Preposition: of
angry
She was angry at/about the delay.
Prepositions: at/about/with
annoyed
He was annoyed at/about the noise.
Prepositions: at/about/with
anxious
I’m anxious about my exams.
Preposition: about
ashamed
She is ashamed of her mistake.
Preposition: of
bored
I’m bored with this movie.
Preposition: with
capable
She is capable of solving this problem.
Preposition: of
careful
Be careful about what you say.
Preposition: about
certain
I’m certain about the result.
Preposition: about
concerned
They are concerned about their future.
Prepositions: about/with
content
I’m content with my job.
Preposition: with
crazy
He is crazy about football.
Preposition: about
curious
She is curious about the new project.
Preposition: about
dependent
She is dependent on her parents.
Preposition: on
different
This book is different from/to the other one.
Prepositions: from/to
disappointed
He was disappointed with/about the results.
Prepositions: with/about/by
dressed
She is dressed in black.
Preposition: in
enthusiastic
They are enthusiastic about the trip.
Preposition: about
envious
He is envious of his brother.
Preposition: of
excited
She is excited about the holiday.
Preposition: about
famous
The city is famous for its museums.
Preposition: for
fed up
I’m fed up with this weather.
Preposition: with
fond
She is fond of classical music.
Preposition: of
frightened
She is frightened of the dark.
Preposition: of
full
The glass is full of water.
Preposition: of
guilty
He felt guilty about his actions.
Preposition: about
happy
I’m happy about your success.
Prepositions: about/with
hopeful
We are hopeful about the future.
Preposition: about
identical
Their designs are identical to each other.
Preposition: to
immune
He is immune to the disease.
Preposition: to
impressed
I’m impressed by/with your work.
Prepositions: by/with
independent
She is independent from her family.
Preposition: from
interested
She is interested in history.
Preposition: in
involved
He is involved in a new project.
Prepositions: in/with
jealous
She is jealous of her friend.
Preposition: of
keen
He is keen on learning new languages.
Preposition: on
married
She is married to a doctor.
Preposition: to
nervous
He is nervous about the interview.
Prepositions: about/with
opposed
They are opposed to the decision.
Preposition: to
pleased
She is pleased with her performance.
Preposition: with
proud
I’m proud of my achievements.
Preposition: of
ready
Are you ready for the exam?
Preposition: for
responsible
She is responsible for the team.
Preposition: for
rude
He was rude to the waiter.
Preposition: to
satisfied
I’m satisfied with the results.
Preposition: with
scared
He is scared of heights.
Preposition: of
sensitive
She is sensitive about criticism.
Preposition: about
similar
This dress is similar to the other one.
Prepositions: for/about
sorry
I’m sorry for/about being late.
Preposition: in
successful
She is successful in her career.
Preposition: in
suspicious
He was suspicious of the stranger.
Preposition: of
terrified
She is terrified of spiders.
Preposition: of
tired
I’m tired of waiting.
Preposition: of
upset
She is upset about the argument.
Preposition: about
ADJECTIF COURT
superlatif / comparatif
SUPERLATIF
The + adj+ est
COMPARATIF
adj+-er+than
The smallest / Smaller than
ADJECTIF LONG
superlatif / comparatif
SUPERLATIF
The + most + adj
COMPARATIF
More + adj + than
The most beautiful / More beautiful than
ADJECTIFS IRREGULIERS
superlatif / comparatif
GOOD = c BETTER s BEST
BAD = c WORSE s WORST
FAR = c FURTHER/FARTHER s FURTHEST/FARTHEST
FURTHER or FARTHER
FARTHER = distance réelle, physique
New York is farther than London
FURTHER = distance abstraite
Let’s discuss this further
