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Micro bacteria > Gram + Rods > Flashcards

Gram + Rods Flashcards

0
Q

Bacillus

A

Gram positive
Spore forming
Aerobic

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1
Q

Gram positive rods

A

Bacillus
Corynebacterium
Mycobacterium

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2
Q

Bacillus anthracis virulence

A

Polypeptide capsule with poly D glutamic acid

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3
Q

Bacillus anthracis toxins

A

PA - protective antigen
EA - edema factor
LF - lethal factor

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4
Q

Bioterrorism and mailmen

A

Bacillus anthracis

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5
Q

Bacillus anthracis transmission

A

Inoculation
Ingestion
Inhalation

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6
Q

Wool sorters disease

A

Bacillus anthracis

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7
Q

Virulence factors pXO1 and pXO2

A

Bacillus anthracis

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8
Q

Bacillus anthracis pathogensis

A

PA - pokes membrane of cell
EF - edema, cAMP increase
LF - decreases MAPKs, necrosis of cell

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9
Q

Anthrax

A

Cutaneous - eschar
Gastrointestinal
Pulmonary - widened mediastinum, macrophage enlargement

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10
Q

Widened mediastinum

A

Anthrax

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11
Q

Anthrax diagnosis

A

Gram stain
PCR
Serology

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12
Q

Bacillus anthracis treatment

A

Ciprofloxacin
Doxycycline
Vaccine

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13
Q

Bacillus cereus epidemiology

A

Motile and non encapsulated

Ubiquitous

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14
Q

Bacillus cereus transmission

A

Food born

Fried rice

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15
Q

Fried rice

A

Bacillus anthracis

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16
Q

Bacillus cereus disease

A

Food poisoning
Gastroenteritis
Enterotoxins

17
Q

Bacillus cereus enterotoxins

A

Heat stable - fried rice, ingest enterotoxin

Heat labile - diarrhea, stimulates cAMP, watery diarrhea

18
Q

Bacillus cereus treatment

A

Vancomycin
Ciprofloxacin
Gentamicin

19
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae epidemiology

A

Disease carried in throat and nasopharynx

Transmission by respiratory droplets

20
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae virulence

A

Diphtheria toxin
Exotoxin on tox gene
AB toxin by inhibiting EF-2

21
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae pathogenesis

A

Sudden onset
Pseudo membrane
Bull neck
Myocarditis and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy

22
Q

CTBA agar

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

23
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae culture

A

CTBA: gray to black colonies
PCR: tox gene
Loeffler’s coagulated serum agar: methylene blue
Elek test

24
Q

Elek test

A

Antitoxin strip on plate streaked with diphtheriae

Toxigenic detected with X secretion

25
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae treatment

A

Penicillin
Erythromycin
DPT vaccine

26
Q

Mycobacterium species

A

M. tuberculosis

M. leprae

27
Q

Ziehl Neelson method

A

Acid fast method - resist de colorization

Mycobacterium

28
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis

A

Facultative intracellular
Sulfa tides
Cord factor - inhibitor PMN

29
Q

Sulfatides

A

Inhibits phagosome lysosome fusion

30
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis epidemiology

A

Reservoir in human lungs

Transmission by respiratory droplets

31
Q

M tuberculosis pathogenesis

A

Phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages
Infected macrophages to regional lymph nodes
Alveolar macrophages release cytokines
T cells activated and secrete IFN gamma

32
Q

Granuloma

A

M tuberculosis pathogenesis

33
Q

Bloody and purulent sputum

A

M tuberculosis

34
Q

M tuberculosis clinical diagnosis

A

Radiographic evidence

PPD - hypersensitivity

35
Q

M tuberculosis diagnostic

A

Auramine rhodamine staining bacilli = fluorescent green

Slow on Lowenstein Jensen medium

36
Q

Armadillos

A

Mycobacterium leprae

37
Q

Mycobacterium leprae biology

A

Obligate intracellular
Armadillos
Remains in cooler areas of the body

38
Q

Hansen disease

A

Leprosy

39
Q

Types of mycobacterium leprae

A

Tuberculoid - strong cell response

Lepromatous - weak cell response, nerve damage, skin lesions

40
Q

Mycobacterium leprae diagnosis

A

Lepromin skin test
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Micro bacteria (5 decks)

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