Gram Positive Rods Flashcards
Bacillus anthracis
GPB; encapsulated Non-hemolytic Non-motile egg white/medusa head morphology Catalase POS Vanc SUS Cutaneous, inhalational, GI anthrax
Bacillus cereus
GPB
ellipsoidal spores
spready colony; ground glass; greenish-yellow
beta hemolytic
motile
Catalase POS
Foodborne illness; wound/line infection; traumatic inoc.
Listeria monocytogenes
GPB; short rods
beta-hemolysis (narrow zone- similar to Grp B Strep *GBS = Catalase NEG)
Catalase POS
Motile
Growth at 4C
Vanc SUS; intrinsic RES to cephalosporins
Gastroenteritis, meningitis; can cross placenta
detectable on nanosphere
intracellular pathogen
Erysipelothrix
GPB (variable); short rods with rounded ends
alpha-hemolytic; pinpoint
Catalase NEG
H2S POS (whisp)
Vanc, aminoglycosides, sulfa RES (intrinsic)
cellulitis (fish, swine assc)
Turcella otitidis
GPB; coryneform
Catalase POS, CAMP POS
otitis media
Arcanobacterium
GPB; coryneform
beta hemolysis
Catalase NEG
Rothia dentacariosa
GPB; coryneform
Catalase VAR
Motility NEG
endocarditis, dental caries
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
GPB; clubby rods, clustered requires tellurite/tinsdale agar; BAP Urease NEG Catalase POS Vaccine- diphteria
Corynebacterium jeikeium
GPB; cory Catalase POS strict aerobe RES to multiple antibiotics (Pen, Gent) Vanc and Linz SUS device assc line infections, nosocomial
Corynebacterium urealyticum
GPB, cory pinpoint colonies Urease POS Catalase POS Vanc SUS UTI, cystitis, renal stones
Corynebacterium striatum
GPB; striated appearance (glycogen vacuoles)
large colony, luxuriant growth
Urease NEG, PYR POS
likes plastics, devices
Nocardia
BFO modified acid fast POS chalky, matte or velvetty aerial mycelia Catalase POS traumatic inoculation; inhalation N. brasiliense- brain
Propionibacterium
GPB; scritchy/squashed spider; pleomorphic
beta hemolytic
Anaerobe/Aerotolerant
Catalase POS
Indole POS (P. acnes)
biofilm on prosthetic devices; joint/shoulder infection
shunt infections
Lactobacillus
GPB; short or long, slender in chains; lacto-hook
alpha hemolysis
microaerophilic/anaerobe
Catalase NEG
Vanc RES
dental caries, endocarditis, line infections, normal flora
Actinomyces
GPB; Gram variable, branching/pairs, clubby Catalase NEG Anaerobic Metronidazole RES actinomycosis
Eubacterium
coccoid, diphtheroidal or filamentous small colonies Anaerobic Catalase NEG Colisitin RES periodontitis, human bite wounds if found in blood, something not right in gut
Eggerthella
coccobacilli or short rods in pairs and chains
small colonies
Anaerobic
Catalase POS
Colisitin RES
abdominal infections
if found in blood, something not right in gut
Clostridium botulinum
GPB; singly or in pairs oval/subterminal spores with swelling beta-hemolytic difficult to culture Catalase NEG bolutlism
Clostridium difficile
GPB; singly or in pairs oval/subterminal spores and free spores with swelling Anaerobic Horse stable odor Indole NEG selective agar: CCFA ~20% healthy adults toxin mediated disease
Clostridium septicum
GPB; pleomorphic rare spores swarms/medussa head- thin layer on plate (hard to see) Beta hemolytic GI neoplasias
Clostridium perfringens
GPB; boxcar shaped rare spores double zone of B hemolysis Anaerobe Lethcinase POS Bactermia, Gastroenteritits Gas Gangrene/myonecrosis
Clostridium tertium
Gram variable with terminal spores
Aerotolerant
frequent contaminate
Clostridium tetani
GPB (GN after 24 hours); singly or in pairs oval spores, terminal (racket shaped) narrow zone beta hemolysis rarely recovered in culture Tetanus
Rhodococcus
Coccoid to bacillary
Modified acid fast POS
coral/pink/salmon on older colonies
R. equii- horse infection (opportunistic inf)
granulomatous/pneumonia/bacteremia (immunosupp)
Gardnerella vaginalis
Gram var rods or coccobacillary (trilaminar cell wall --> stain variable) Catalase NEG Oxidase NEG Vanc SEN bacterial vaginosis
GPB, Catalase POS, regular and short
Listeria (Aerobic)
Eggerthella (Anaerobic)
GPB; regular and short; Catalase NEG
Lactobacillus (Anaerobic/Aerotolerant)
Erysipelothrix (Aerobic)
Eubacterium (Anaerobic)
GPB; big and boxy; Catalase POS
Bacillus (Aerobic)
GPB; big and boxy; Catalase NEG
Clostridium (Anaerobic)
GPB; pleomorphic; Catalase POS
Corynebacterium (Aerobic)
Rothia denticariosa (Aerobic)
Turcella (Aerobic)
Propionibacterium (Anaerobic)
GPB; pleomorphic; Catalase NEG
Arcanobacterium (Aerobic)
Actinomyces (Anaerobic)
GPB; BFO; Mod Acid Fast POS
Nocardia
GPB; BFO; Mod Acid Fast NEG
Streptomyces
