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Bacteria > Gram +ve > Flashcards

Gram +ve Flashcards

1
Q

Staph aureus

A 
GPC; clusters
Beta hemolytic; golden color
lg and sm variants
Catalase +
Coagulase + (free and bound)
mannitol + (yellow on MSA)
DNAse +
PYR -

30% colonized
abscesses, soft tissue infections

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2
Q

Staph intermedius/pseudointermedius

A 
GPC; clusters
Beta hemolytic; golden
Catalase +
Coagulase +
PYR +

Bacitracin RES
mecA

“S. aureus of cats/dogs”
canine infections/dog bite wounds

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3
Q

Staph saccharolyticus

A 
GPC; single, pairs or clusters
CoAg Neg Staph
Anaerobe!
Catalase +
Coagulase -

RES to B-lactams
SUS to Vanc

normal flora, rare endocarditis

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4
Q

Staph lugdunensis

A 
GPC; single, pairs or clusters
heterogenous, may be beta hemolytic
sweet hay odor
creamy on blood agar
Catalase +
Coagulase - (tube)
PYR +
Ornithine decarboxylase +
Novobiocin SEN
endocarditis, joint infections
Oxacillin RES (mec A)
very rare Meth RES
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5
Q

Staph epidermidis

A 
Gram + cocci; clusters
Coag Neg Staph
Non-hemolytic, white colony, size variation
Catalase +
Coagulase -
Novobiocin SEN

normal flora
shunt, hardware biofilms, opportunistic infections

80-95% mecA gene (pen RES)

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6
Q

Staph saprophyticus

A 
GPC, clusters
white, non hemolytic
Catalase +
Coagulase -
Novobiocin RES

UTI
Pen RES

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7
Q

Staph haemolyticus

A 
GPC
Catalase +
Coagulase -
Novobiocin SEN
PYR +

S. epi group

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8
Q

Microccocus spp.

A

GPC; tetrads
yellow pigment
Catalase +
microdase +

normal skin flora

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9
Q

Strep pyogenes

A 
GPC; chains
Group A strep
large zone of beta hemolysis, larger colony
Catlase -
PYR +
LAP +
Bacitracin SEN

pharyngitis, bacteremia
rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, TSS, necrotizing fascitis

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10
Q

Beta streps

A 
A- large colony- S. pyogenes
A- small colony- S. anginosus grp (viridians strep)
B- S. agalactiae
C
G
F- S. anginosus
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11
Q

Strep anginosus

A 
GPC; chains
Butterscotch smell
variable hemolysis
small colony
Group A, C, G, F, non-typable
Catalase -
V-P +
Arginine +
PYR -
LAP +

Vanc SUS

normal flora in oropharyngeal, urogenital tract, GI
endocarditis, liver/brain infections

S. constellatus- resp
S. intermedius- brain/liver
S. anginosus- urogential, GI

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12
Q

Strep agalactiae

A 
GPC; chains (medium)
Group B Strep
narrow zone of beta hemolysis (soft zone)
larger colony
Lancefield Group B
Catalase -
PYR -
Hippurate +
CAMP +

neonatal infections, meningitis
SUS to Pen

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13
Q

Strep porcinus/pseudoporcinus

A

Gram + cocci; chains

wide zone B hemolysis
Catalase NEG
PYR POS

swine pathogen, rare cause of peripheral blood, wound infections

Falsely types group B

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14
Q

Strep mitis

A 
Gram + cocci; chains 
alpha hemolytic
Catalase NEG
Optochin RES
Bile solubility NEG

High RES to penicillin, many antibiotics

endocarditis

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15
Q

Strep bovis

A 
Gram + cocci; chains
Group D Strep
non hemolytic
Catalase NEG
bile esculin POS
High salt NEG
Optochin RES
VP POS

association with GI neoplasms

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16
Q

Strep pneumoniae

A 
Gram + cocci; pairs/lanceolate cells
capsule
umbilicated colony/dimple
alpha hemolysis
mucoid due to capsule
catalase NEG
Optochin SEN
Bile solubility +

RES to pen
vaccine

community acquired pneumonia, bacteremia, endocarditis, meningitis

17
Q

Aerococcus

A 
Gram + cocci; clusters, chains (*similar to viridians strep)
alpha-hemolytic
Catalase -
Salt tolerant +
Hippurate +
bile esculin +

“air ball”- staph like gram stain, strep like colony

18
Q

Entercoccus faecalis

A

Efae
Gram + cocci; diplococci, short chains
non hemolytic; flat/gray

catalase -
LAP +
PYR +
bile esculine +
Salt tolerant +
pyruvate +
Molitilty POS

Ampicillin SEN, Synersid RES
VanB

bacteremia, nosocomial inf, meningitis
normal flora

19
Q

Enterococcus faecium

A

Efaec
Gram + cocci; diplococci, short chains
darker color; small zone alpha hemolysis

catalase -
LAP +
PYR +
bile esculin +
Salt tolerant +
pyruvate -
motility NEG

Ampicillin RES, Synersid SEN
VanA

bacteremia, nosocomial inf, meningitis
normal flora

20
Q

Entercoccus casseliflavus

A

Gram + cocci
yellow pigment

Catalase -
bile esculin +
Salt tolerant +
Hippurate -
Motility +

VanC

meningitis, may colonize healthy GI tracts

21
Q

Enterococcus gallinarum

A 
Gram + cocci
no pigment
Catalase -
bile esculin +
Salt tolerant +
Hippurate -
Motility +
Pigment -

vanC

22
Q

Leuconostoc

A 
Gram + coccibacilli; pairs, chains
alpha hemolytic
Catalase -
Motility -
PYR -
LAP -
Salt tolerant +

Intrinsically RES to vancomycin

bacteremia, osteomyelitis

23
Q

Pediococcus

A

Gram + cocci; pairs, tetrads, clusters

alpha/non-hemolytic- Strep looking
catalase -
PYR -
LAP +
Salt tolerant +

intrinsically RES to vancomycin

opportunistic infection

24
Q

Vancomycin RES Gram +

A 
Leuconostoc
Pediococcus
Lactobacillus
C. inoccum
Erysipothrix
25
Q

Staph aureus Susceptibility

A

VISA- phenotype- thickened cell wall/binds vanc
VRSA- vanA

mecA
PBP2a–> Blactams cannot bind except ceftaroline (5th gen ceph)

26
Q

Streptococcus dysgalactiae

A 
GPC; chains
group G and C, large colony variant
beta hemolytic
Catalase NEG
Bacitracin RES

similar infections as S. pyogenes

Bacteria (2 decks)

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