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Steph MICRO > Gram-positive > Flashcards

Gram-positive Flashcards

0
Q

Titer to document antecedent skin infection in strep pyogenes infection

A

Anti-DNAse B

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1
Q 
Gram positive cocci in chains
Beta hemolytic
Bacitracin-SENSITIVE
positive PYR 
Lancefield A
A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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2
Q

Titer to detect antecedent pharyngitis in strep pyogenes infection

A

Anti-streptolysin O (ASO)

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3
Q

DOC streptococcus pyogenes

A

Penicillin G

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4
Q

Spreading factor

A

Hyaluronidase

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5
Q

Protease that rapidly destroys tissue in strep pyogenes infection?
Pyogenic skin and soft tissue infection that it causes?

A

Exotoxin B

Necrotizing fasciitis

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6
Q

Peritonsillar and retropharyngeal abscess

A

Quincy

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7
Q

Disease presenting with fever, strawberry tongue, centrifugal rash (sandpaper like), pastia’s lines, desquamation?
Etiologic agent?

A

Scarlet fever.

Strep pyogenes.

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8
Q

Test for susceptibility of scarlet fever

A

Dick test

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9
Q

Jones criteria (5)

A

Migratory polyarthritis, pancarditis, subcutaneous nodules, erythema marginatum, Sydenham’s chorea

MN: J-O-N-E-S (joints, oh my heart, nodules, erythema, Sydenham)

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10
Q

DOC: Glomerulonephritis (post-pharyngeal/post-impetigo

A

Penicillin G, penicillin v (oral)

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11
Q

DOC: Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS)

A

Penicillin G

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12
Q 
Gram positive cocci 
Beta-hemolytic 
Bacitracin-RESISTANT
CAMP test POSITIVE 
Lancefield group B

Grown using the LIM broth

A

Strep agalactiae (group B strep)

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13
Q

Rapid test to screen for GBS in neonates and pregnant women

A

LIM broth

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14
Q

MCC Neonatal Sepsis

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS)

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15
Q 
Gram positive cocci in chains 
Catalase-negative
Gamma colonies
Lancefield group D
Positive PYR test

Hydrolyzes ESCULIN in bile-Esculin agar (BEA)

A

Group D strep (enterococcus faecalis)

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16
Q

Type of endocarditis in patients with abdominal malignancy (colorectal or pancreatic ca) due to Streptococcus bovis

A

Marantic

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17
Q

Patients who underwent GIT surgery are prone to endocarditis due to?

A

Enterococcus faecalis

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18
Q

DOC Strep pneumoniae

A

Penicillin G

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19
Q 
Gram positive diplococci or short chains
Lancet-shaped 
Alpha hemolytic
Sensitive to bile and optochin
Prominent polysaccharide capsule
A

Strep pneumoniae

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20
Q

Positive QUELLUNG reaction

Tests for capsular swelling

A

Strep pneumoniae

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21
Q

Encapsulated bacteria

A

Strep pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilus influenza
Klebsiella pneumoniae

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhi, Group B strep

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22
Q

Most common cause of CAP

A

Strep pneumoniae

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23
Q

Most common cause of:
Otitis media (children)
Meningitis (elderly)
Bacterial sinusitis (general)

A

Strep pneumoniae

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24
Q

Congenital absence of the spleen

A

IVEMARK syndrome

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25
Q

Gram positive cocci in chains
Alpha hemolytic
Catalase negative
Bile and optochin RESISTANT

A

Viridans streptococci (strep mutans, strep sanguis)

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26
Q

Most common cause of subacute and native valve endocarditis

A

Strep sanguis (type of viridans)

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27
Q

Spore forming
gram positive rods
Aerobic
NON-motile

A

Bacillus anthracis

28
Q

Unique morphology of bacillus anthracis (2)

A

Medusa head morphology

Box car shaped

29
Q

Chinese fried rice syndrome

A

Bacillus cereus

30
Q

Aerobic
Spore forming
Gram positive
Motile

A

Bacillus cereus

31
Q

Anaerobic
Gram positive
Spore forming rod
Lollipop/tennis-racket-like

A

Clostridium tetani

32
Q

Spastic paralysis

A

Clostridium tetani

33
Q

Flaccid paralysis

A

Clostridium botulinum

34
Q

Chinese characters
Non motile
Non spore forming
Gram positive

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

35
Q

Tumbling motility
Gram positive
Non spore forming

A

Listeria monocytogenes

36
Q

Psedomembranous colitis

A

Clostridium difficile

37
Q

Pseudomembranous pharyngitis

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

38
Q

Pseudomembranous esophagitis

A

Candida albicans

39
Q 
Spore forming 
Gram positive rods 
Anaerobic 
Lecithinase gas forming 
Double hemolysis
A

Clostridium perfringens

40
Q

Infections where most common cause of mortality is PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE (3)

A

Inhalational anthrax
Congenital syphillis
Weil’s syndrome (severe leptospirosis)

41
Q

DOC Cutaneous anthrax

A

Ciprofloxacin

42
Q

Woolsorter’s disease

A

Bacillus anthracis

43
Q

Malignant pustule with Escher and central necrosis

Mortality 20%

A

Cutaneous anthrax

44
Q

Bacteriostatic drug that becomes CIDAL when given in high doses

A

Clindamycin

45
Q

DOC clostridium tetani

A

Penicillin

Passive immunization: ATS
Vaccination: tetanus toxoid (childhood + every 10 years)

46
Q

Bulbar signs of food borne botulism (4)

A

Diplopia
Dysphonia
Dysarthria
Dysphagia

47
Q

Triad of botulism

A

Symmetric descending FLACCID paralysis (prominent bulbar involvement)
ABSENCE of fever
Intact sensorium

48
Q

Infant botulism

A

Floppy baby syndrome

49
Q

Egg yolk agar

A

Clostridium perfringens

50
Q

Gas gangrene

A

Clostridium perfringens

Due to alpha toxin

51
Q

DOC Clostridium difficile

A

ORAL Metronidazole
ORAL Vancomycin

Oral = poor absorption in blood, stays in the colon longer

52
Q

Comma/club shaped

Chinese character like

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

Aerobic
Non spore forming
Non motile
Gram positive

53
Q

Babes Ernst granules/voluminous granules/metachromatic granules

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

54
Q

Telluride plate

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

55
Q

Modified elek test

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

56
Q

Bull neck

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

57
Q

DOC Listeria monocytogenes

A

Ampilcillin (with or w/o gantamicin)

cephalosporins are INEFFECTIVE

58
Q

Tumbling motility

A

Listeria monocytogenes

59
Q

Cold enhancement (paradoxical growth in cold temp)

A

Listeria monocytogenes

60
Q

Unpasteurized milk products

A

Listeria monocytogenes

61
Q

Gram positive cocci

Grape like clusters

A

Staph aureus

62
Q

Agar used for diagnosis of S. aureus

A

Mannitol salts

63
Q

Golden color of S. aureus is due to

A

Staohyloxanthin

64
Q

MCC acute endocarditis

A

S. aureus (usually tricuspid valve in IV dug users)

65
Q

Sequestered focus of osteomyelitis arising in the metaphysical area of a long bone due to S. aureus infection

A

Brodie abscess

66
Q

Ritter disease

A

Scalded skin syndrome sec. to S. aureus

67
Q

DOC Staph epidermidis

A

Vancomycin

Steph MICRO (7 decks)

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