Gram Negative Bacteria Flashcards
Neisseria meningitidis
Gram negative
Aerobic
Cocci
Can cause meningitis
Usually diagnosed by taking CSF or blood cultures
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Gram negative
Aerobic
Cocci
Causes gonorrhoea
Urethritis in men and pelvic inflammatory disease in women
Spread by sexual contact
Coliforms
Gram negative
Aerobic
Large Bacilli
Mainly commensals of the large intestine
Escherichia Coli
Gram negative
Aerobic
Bacilli
Coliform/gut commensal
Human and animal reservoirs
Ferments lactose
Lots of virulence mechanisms
Many different types
Important cause of UTI, can also cause septicaemia and meningitis
Enterotoxogenic E.Coli
Type of E.Coli that causes diarrhoea - common in travellers
Enterohaemorrhagic E.Coli
Can cause bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemic syndrome
Associated with E.coli 0157
Salmonella enterica
Gram negative
Aerobic
Large bacilli
Does not ferment lactose
Can cause bacterial diarrhoea
Shigella sp.
Gram negative
Aerobic
Large Bacilli
Can cause diarrhoea, usually associated with travel in UK
Klebsiella sp.
Gram negative
Aerobic
Large bacilli
Cause of UTI
Proteus sp.
Gram negative
Aerobic
Large bacilli
Cause of UTI
Campylobactor sp.
Gram negative
Microaerophilic
Small curved bacilli
Source is domestic animals and chickens
Spreads via faecal-oral route
Most common cause of bacterial diarrhoea in UK
Helicobacter pylori
Gram negative
Microaerophilic
Spiral bacilli
Found in human stomach
Risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma
Haemophilus Influenzae
Gram negative
Aerobic
Cocco-bacilli
Causes respiratory tract infection and pneumonia
Pseudonomas sp.
Gram negative
Aerobic
Bacilli
Water and soil coloniser (drains, sinks, mops)
May contaminate hospitals and medical equipment
Major cause of hospital required sepsis, UTI’s and pneumonia
Multi-drug resistance mechanisms and limited treatment options
Bacteriodes sp.
Gram negative
Anaerobic
Bacilli
Usually found in the gut
