Gram negative Bacilli

Question 1

What bacteria is oxidase positive and indole negative

Answer 1

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
- CF lung infection
- Diabetic foot
- Burn infections
- UTI - esp. catheters
(Also non lactose fermenting)

Question 2

What bacteria is oxidase positive and indole positive

Answer 2

Haemophillus influenzae
- Septic arthritis
- COPD exacerbations
- Pneumonia

Question 3

What is the oxidase test

Answer 3

Determine if a bacterium produces a certain cytochrome c oxidases

Question 4

What is indole test

Answer 4

Ability of certain bacteria to decompose the aa tryptophane to indole

Question 5

What bacteria are oxidase negative

Answer 5

Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough)
Enterobacter

Question 6

What bacteria are oxidase negative, lactose fermenting and indole positive

Answer 6

E.coli
- UTI
- Gastroenteritis
- Abdo infections

Question 6

What bacteria are oxidase negative, lactose fermenting and indole negative

Answer 6

Klebsiella Pneumoniae
- UTI
- Abdo infections
- CF lungs

Question 7

What bacteria are oxidase negative and non-lactose fermenting

Answer 7

Proteus mirabilis = UTIs
Shingella Spp = gastroenteritis
Salmonella Spp = s.typhi = typhoid fever

Question 8

Most common cause of UTIs

Answer 8

E.coli = 80-90%
S. saprophyticus

Question 9

Less common cause of UTIs

Answer 9

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Klebsiella Spp
Proteus Spp.
Enterobacter spp

Question 10

KEEPS

Answer 10

Klebsiella
E.coli
Enterococcus
Proteus
Saprophyticus

Question 11

Lower UTI symptoms

Answer 11

Dysuria
Urgency
Frequency
Cloudy or foul smelling urine
Haematuria (micro or macro)
Suprapubic tenderness

Question 12

Upper UTI symptoms

Answer 12

Fever
Confusion
Loin tenderness
Prior Hx of above Sx

Question 13

Dipstick (under 65’s) results for UTI

Answer 13

Nitrates reduced to nitrites = E.coli and Proteus

Question 14

Treatment for UTI

Answer 14

Oral Nitrofurantoin or Trimethoprim
Pregnancy - Cefalexin
Simple = 3 days
Complicated = 7 days