Grade 9 Science final study deck Flashcards
Define an atom
Smallest particle of matter For example H (helium)
Define an element
one type of atom. For example H or H2
Define molecules
Two or more atoms joined together. For example H2 H2O
Define compound
Two or more different atoms joined together. For example H2O or Na CL
What does PEN stand for?
Protons, electrons, neutrons
How do you find out how many protons and electrons an element has?
The amount is the atomic no
How do you find out what a neutron is?
You minus the Atomic mass by the Atomic no.
Whats the relative mass for protons neutrons and electrons?
Protons: 1
Neutrons: 1
Electrons: 1/1840
Whats are the 3 types of nuclear decay?
Alpha decay, Beta decay and gamma decay.
Describe what an Alpha decay is.
ejects an alpha particle which is helium nucleus, it loses 2 protons and 2 neutrons, which means the atomic no goes down by 2 and the atomic mass goes down by 4. (And show an example)
Describe what Beta decay is.
ejects a beta particle that is equal to an electron. One neutron converts into a proton, which means the atomic mass stays the same and the atomic no goes up by one. (And give an example)
Describe what a Gamma decay is.
No particles emitted, emitted gamma rays, and there is no change to the mass or the atomic no. (And give an example)
Describe a Half life
Half life is the time taken for the substance to half. For example: How much of 123g isotope would remain after 4 half lives. (And give an example)
Describe Law of Conservation of Mass.
Sates that mass can neither be created or destroyed. (And give an example)
What doe SHE in science stand for?
Science as a Human Endeavor
What are the two she thingy’s in radiation in medicine
Safety and Ethics
Describe Safety in the SHE
- minimizing exposure
- PPE (Personal protective equipment)
- Safe storage & disposal
Describe Ethics in SHE
- Internal consant
- equity & access
- Storage and disposal
What can you do to Minimise exposure?
Medical professionals and patients are exposed to radiation for the shortest time so in the long run it doesn’t cause cancer or other health issues.
What can you do for PPE?
Personal Protective equipment
-Lead aprons as lead is the material stops the radiation from passing through
- Goggles to protect eyes from radiation.
What do you do for Storage and Disposal?
Put the radioactive substance in a closed system container and dispose it with strict regulations. This prevents accidental exposure, contamination, and environmental harm.
What do you do for Equity?
Equity and access ensure that everyone, regardless of their background or circumstances, has a fair opportunity to participate and benefit from human progress. Equity recognizes that different people have different needs and provides the necessary support to level the playing field, rather than giving everyone the same resources.
Whats do you do for Access?
Access means making sure everyone has the ability to use or participate in something. It’s about removing barriers—like cost, location, disability, or technology—that might stop people from getting what they need. For example, free online learning increases access to education, and wheelchair ramps improve access to buildings.
What do you do for Informed consent?
Informed consent means a person fully understands and voluntarily agrees to something before participating, ensuring they have clear, accurate information about risks, benefits, and alternatives. It protects autonomy and ethical decision-making.
