Grade 9 Science Flashcards
What is the definition for an atom?
The simplest particles of matter
What is the definition for a molecule?
Two or more atoms, chemically joined together.
What is the definition for an element?
A substance that is made up of only one kind of atom and cannot be broken down into any other, simpler substance.
What is the definition of a compound?
A substance made up of two or more different elements, chemically joined together.
Where are the electrons, the neutrons, and the protons places in an atom?
Electron: in the electron shell surrounding the nucleus
Neutrons: in the nucleus with the protons
Protons: in the nucleus with the neutrons
What are electrons?
A small particle with a negative charge that is found in all atoms.
What are neutrons?
a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge
What are protons?
Protons are a type of subatomic particle with a positive charge
What are Isotopes?
Elements can exist in different versions of itself this is called an Isotope. Isotopes are the atoms of an element with different numbers of neutrons. They have the same proton number, but different mass numbers.
What is nuclear decay?
Nuclear decay occurs when the nucleus of an atom is unstable and spontaneously emits energy in the form of radiation.
What are the different types of nuclear decay?
Alpha decay, Beta decay and gamma decay
Why do we measure radiation?
We measure radiation so that we know if an area or thing is save enough for people and plants to enter. If radiation is not safe then it can cause diseases and cancer.
What is half-live?
The amount of time it takes to half an amount.
What is Law of Conservation of mass?
The Law of Conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. The total mass of reactants equal the total mass of products.
What is Open system?
Open system is when oxygen enters freely, and gases can escape some mass may be lost.
What is Closed system?
Closed system is when the reaction occurs in a sealed container, preventing mass loss. This ensures accurate conservation of mass measurement.
What does Alpha decay do?
Releases the protons and neutrons from the nucleus.
What does Beta decay do?
A neutron converts to a proton
What does gamma decay do?
It is emitting so it doesn’t change anything it just releases rays it becomes more stable.
