Grade 9 describing matter Flashcards
Define property
A characteristic that describes matter
Two categories that properties are grouped into
- chemical
- physical
Define physical properties
A characteristic that describes matter when it is not changing into a new chemical substance
Qualitative physical property: colour
it is black, white, gold, colourless, etc.
Qualitative physical property: texture
it is fine, coarse, smooth, gritty, etc.
Qualitative physical property: odour
It is odourless, spicy, sharp, burnt, etc.
Qualitative physical property: lustre
(amount of light reflected )it has high lustre (lustrous) or it is not lustrous (dull)
Qualitative physical property: clarity
(how see-through) It is transparent (clear) or translucent (only light passes through) or opaque (can’t see through at all)
Qualitative physical property: taste
it is sweet, sour, salty, bitter, etc.
Qualitative physical property: malleability
it can be bent/shaped or stretched (malleable), it is brittle, can’t be bent (not malleable)
Qualitative physical property: state
it is a solid, liquid, gas
Quantitative physical property: density
the ratio of mass to volume
Quantitative physical property: hardness
is a measure of the resistance of a solid to being scratched or dented
-this can be recording using Moh’s scale
Quantitative physical property: melting point
the temp. at which a solid melts
Quantitative physical property: conductivity
a measure of a substance’s ability to transfer heat or electricity
chemical property: combustibility
describes the ability of a substance to burn
chemical property: light sensitivity
describes the effect light has on a substance. IF matter can interact with light to form new substances it is light sensitive.
Quantitative physical property: viscosity
a measure of how easily a liquid flows: the thicker the liquid, the more viscous it is (this can only be used to describe a liquid)
chemical property: reactivity
describes a substance’s ability to undergo a chemical reaction when in contact with another
Common substances used to test reactivity
- reactivity with water
- reactivity with oxygen
- reactivity with acids
- reactivity with other pure substances
chemical property: stability
the ability of a substance to remain unchanged
chemical property: toxicity
the ability of a substance to cause harmful effects in plants and animals (living things)
Physical change
- no new substance is made, the matter only changes form (same chemical formula)
- have different properties, but the chemical properties will not change
Signs of a physical change
- usually reversible
- chemical properties unchanged
- physical properties unchanged
- known change of state
Chemical change
- a new substance is formed (new chemical formula)
- particles are either broken apart, or different kinds of a particles are put together
Signs of a chemical change
- often not reversible
- colour change
- new gas produced (bubbles or smoke)
- energy released in the form of heat light or sound without adding heat
gas test
to test what kind of gas was produced (in a chemical change), a burning/glowing splint
