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Music > Grade 8 Theory > Flashcards

Grade 8 Theory Flashcards

1
Q

agitato

A

agitated

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2
Q

El grillo meaning

A

The Cricket title

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3
Q

adagio

A

slow

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4
Q

Ordo Virtutum performing forces

A

Female voice - Soul and 16 Virtues, spoken male part (Devil), various instruments for improvised accompaniment

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5
Q

Harmonic rhythm

A

Rate of chord changes

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6
Q

leggiero

A

light, nimble, quick

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7
Q

grave

A

slow and solemn

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8
Q

primo, prima

A

first; the upper part of a duet

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9
Q

Phrase

A

A unit of musical thought, much like a sentence in writing

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10
Q

non

A

not

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11
Q

mano destra, m.d.

A

right hand

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12
Q

Sumer is Icumen In performing forces

A

Six voices as performing forces

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13
Q

semplice

A

simple

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14
Q

Alberti bass pattern

A

A broken chord arranged in a root-fifth-third-fifth pattern

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15
Q

piano, p

A

soft

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16
Q

vivace

A

lively, brisk

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17
Q

moderato

A

at a moderate tempo

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18
Q

Dripsody duration

A

1’ 28”

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19
Q

meno mosso

A

less movement, slower

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20
Q

Tempo primo (Tempo I)

A

return to the original tempo

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21
Q

Enharmonic equivalent major keys

A

Db/C#, Gb/F#, Cb/B (5 or more sharps or flats)

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22
Q

sehr

A

very

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23
Q

presto

A

very fast

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24
Q

D.C. al Fine

A

repeat from the beginning and end at Fine

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25
Q

Plainchant

A

A sacred genre representing the earliest form of notated Western art music. Consists of a monophonic modal melody with unmeasured rhythm and Latin text.

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26
Q

Oblique motion

A

Occurs when one voice remains stationary and the other moves

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27
Q

Metallophones

A

Instruments featuring metal bars of different sizes that are struck with a variety of mallets. Produce a shimmering bell-like sound.

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28
Q

prestissimo

A

as fast as possible

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29
Q

legato

A

smooth

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30
Q

tre corde

A

three strings; release the left pedal (on the piano)

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31
Q

Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K 525 tempo

A

Sonata in allegro

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32
Q

martellato

A

strongly accented, hammered

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33
Q

Non-chord tones

A

Decorative notes in a melody that do not belong to the chords.

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34
Q

Sumer is Icumen In meaning

A

Summer Is Coming meaning

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35
Q

Chromaticism

A

Extensive use of notes outside of the key signature, creates harmonic dissonance and tension

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36
Q

El grillo texture

A

Example of polyphonic texture with frequent homorhythmic passages

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37
Q

andante

A

moderately slow; at a walking pace

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38
Q

scherzando

A

playful

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39
Q

The Revolutionary Etude tempo

A

Etude with tempo of allegro con fuoco

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40
Q

Sumer is Icumen In texture

A

Example of notated polyphony (polyphonic)

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41
Q

Igor Stravinsky lifetime

A

1882 - 1971

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42
Q

Ordo Virtutum summary

A

Empowered by faith, the Virtues engage in a battle with the Devil to win over the Soul

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43
Q

Parallel motion

A

Occurs when two voices move in the same direction maintaining the same intervallic relationship

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44
Q

allargando, allarga.

A

broadening, becoming slower

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45
Q

Morality play

A

A genre created in the Middle Ages combining drama and music. Used allegorical characters to teach lessons and portray desirable behaviours.

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46
Q

Cadence

A

A progression of two or more chords that serve as punctuation

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47
Q

rallentando, rall.

A

slowing down

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48
Q

senza

A

without

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49
Q

Major pentatonic scale

A

Five pitches, major scale without 4 and 7

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50
Q

Parallel keys

A

Major and minor keys that share the same tonic

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51
Q

spiritoso

A

spirited

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52
Q

Modes

A

Scale patterns with distinct relationships of whole steps and half steps. Served as the source of melody and harmony in the Middle Ages and Renaissance.

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53
Q

Composer of Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream

A

Felix Mendelssohn

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54
Q

arco

A

on a bowed string instrument, resume bowing after a pizzicato passage

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55
Q

una corda

A

one string; depress the left pedal (on the piano)

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56
Q

Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K 525 composer

A

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

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57
Q

Concert pitch

A

The pitch that is actually produced by a transposing instrument. Also called the “sounding pitch.”

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58
Q

Ordo Virtutum genre

A

Example of morality play

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59
Q

poco a poco

A

little by little

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60
Q

alla, all’

A

in the manner of

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61
Q

Syncopation

A

Syncopation involves a variety of rhythms which are in some way unexpected which make part or all of a tune or piece of music off-beat. Occurs when the pattern of strong and weak beats in a measure is altered, and the accent is shifted from the strong beat to the weak beat.

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62
Q

Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream Development

A

Theme 1 dominates, punctuated by ominous notes from the bass

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63
Q

Composer of Invention in C Major

A

Johann Sebastian Bach composed this invention

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64
Q

ritardando, rit.

A

slowing down gradually

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65
Q

cédez

A

yield; hold the tempo back

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66
Q

Medieval Era

A

ca 476 - 1450

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67
Q

Coda

A

A concluding section

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68
Q

Sumer is Icumen In genre

A

Has vocal works in the form of a round

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69
Q

Sitar

A

A multi-stringed plucked instrument with movable frets; similar to a lute or guitar. Five strings are used to play melodies, while two strings are used for drone and percussive effects.

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70
Q

Ordo Virtutum texture

A

Example of monophonic texture

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71
Q

poco

A

little

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72
Q

decrescendo, decresc.

A

becoming softer

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73
Q

con moto

A

with motion

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74
Q

Diminished triads

A

Created by contracting the perfect fifth in a minor triad to a diminished fifth

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75
Q

Chromatic pitches

A

Notes in a melody that are outside of the major or minor keys in which the melody is written. Also called colour accidentals.

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76
Q

dal segno, D.S.

A

from the sign

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77
Q

French horn transposition

A

Down a perfect fifth

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78
Q

Koko key

A

Example of blues in E flat minor

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79
Q

Chromatic scale

A

Based on half steps

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80
Q

Hildegard von Bingen

A

Composer of Ordo Virtutum (Play of Virtues)

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81
Q

Chopin lifetime

A

1810 - 1849

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82
Q

larghetto

A

fairly slow, but not as slow as largo

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83
Q

Development/Departure

A

Middle section of sonata form. Themes are developed; this often involves a departure to different keys.

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84
Q

Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 genre

A

Example of a concerto grosso

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85
Q

tutti

A

a passage for the ensemble

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86
Q

Short score

A

Used to condense an open score from four staves to two. Especially useful to facilitate playing all four parts on the keyboard.

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87
Q

Polonaise

A

Polish nationalist genre

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88
Q

a cappella

A

Literally means “for the chapel,” but refers to vocal music without instrumental accompaniment. Typical of Renaissance vocal music.

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89
Q

mezzo forte, mf

A

moderately loud

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90
Q

Composer of Petrushka

A

Igor Stravinsky’s ballet

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91
Q

Invention in C Major texture

A

Has polyphonic texture with imitative counterpoint

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92
Q

El grillo genre

A

Example of a frottola

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93
Q

comodo, commodo

A

at a comfortable, easy tempo

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94
Q

modéré

A

at a moderate tempo

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95
Q

Octatonic scale

A

Based on a consistent alteration of half and whole steps

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96
Q

Half cadence

A

A cadence that ends on the dominant triad - sounds incomplete or open

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97
Q

Classical Era

A

ca 1750 - 1825

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98
Q

pianissimo, pp

A

very soft

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99
Q

marcato

A

marked or stressed

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100
Q

anacrusis

A

The note or notes in the incomplete measure to start a piece. Also called the pickup. The time is subtracted from the last measure. The first measure plus the last measure.

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101
Q

Koko structure

A

Has an introduction, seven jazz choruses, and a coda

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102
Q

Romantic Era

A

ca 1825 - 1900

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103
Q

Triad

A

A set of three notes separated by thirds

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104
Q

Twelve-bar blues

A

Musical structure used in jazz, consisting of three four-measure phrases, based on a standard chord progression

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105
Q

andantino

A

a little faster than andante

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106
Q

Whole-tone scale

A

Based on whole steps

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107
Q

Invention in C Major genre

A

Example of a solo keyboard work

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108
Q

ritenuto, riten.

A

suddenly slower, held back

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109
Q

Invention in C Major performing forces

A

Originally for harpsichord or clavichord, now performed on piano

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110
Q

Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K 525 key

A

Sonata in G Major

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111
Q

Diatonic intervals

A

The upper notes belong to the major key of the lower note. Intervals built above the tonic note of a major key

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112
Q

grandioso

A

grand, grandiose

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113
Q

Electronic music

A

Music created by electronic means using devices such as tape recorders, synthesizers, and computers

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114
Q

tacet

A

be silent

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115
Q

Ostinato

A

A motif or phrase that persistently repeats in the same musical voice, usually at the same pitch. A recurring rhythmic or melodic pattern.

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116
Q

Example of Javanese Gamelan

A

Kaboran (Gamelan Prawa)

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117
Q

Tanpura

A

The tanpura (or tambura, tanpuri) is a long-necked plucked string instrument found in various forms in Indian music; it does not play melody but rather supports and sustains the melody of another instrument or singer by providing a continuous harmonic bourdon or drone.

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118
Q

Minor pentatonic scale

A

Five pitches, natural minor scale without 2 and 6

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119
Q

Keyboard style

A

Each chord is written in the treble clef in close position, to be played by the right hand. The notes in the bass clef are played by the left hand.

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120
Q

Quartal chord

A

Chord built on a series of 4ths

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121
Q

vite

A

fast

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122
Q

a tempo

A

return to the original tempo

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123
Q

molto

A

much, very

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124
Q

accent

A

a stressed note

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125
Q

Jazz

A

Largely improvised style, featuring syncopation, blues scale, and blue notes

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126
Q

rubato

A

with some freedom of tempo to enhance musical expression

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127
Q

The Revolutionary Etude other name

A

The Etude in C Minor, op. 10, no. 12 other name

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128
Q

ottava, 8va

A

the interval of an octave

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129
Q

cantabile

A

in a singing style

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130
Q

Frottola

A

A popular secular polyphonic vocal genre developed in Italy in the 15th century. Based on playful poems and lighthearted word painting.

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131
Q

Koko composer

A

Duke Ellington composed this

132
Q

Clarinet transposition

A

Down a major second

133
Q

common time

A

4/4/ time, C symbol

134
Q

diminuendo, dim.

A

becoming softer

135
Q

allegretto

A

fairly fast (a little slower than allegro)

136
Q

ma

A

but (for example, ma non troppo: but not too much)

137
Q

Rondo form

A

Formal structure developed in the Classical era, main section (A) alternates with contrasting sections (e.g., ABACA)

138
Q

troppo

A

too much

139
Q

fine

A

the end

140
Q

Cluster chord

A

Chord consisting of a combination of at least three adjacent notes of any scale

141
Q

sotto voce

A

soft, subdued, under the breath

142
Q

Sonata form

A

The most important musical form invented in the Classical era. Consists of three scenarios: exposition, development, and recapitulation. May be understood as a musical journey, consisting of statement, departure, and return

143
Q

Symmetrical scales

A

Chromatic, whole-tone, and octatonic. Often used in fragments rather than in complete scales.

144
Q

Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 tempo

A

Concerto grosso in allegro time

145
Q

calando

A

becoming slower and softer

146
Q

giocoso

A

humorous, jocose

147
Q

mano sinistra, m.s.

A

left hand

148
Q

risoluto

A

resolute

149
Q

Mendelssohn lifetime

A

1809 - 1847

150
Q

dolce

A

sweet, gentle

151
Q

animato

A

lively, animated

152
Q

con

A

with

153
Q

Mozart lifetime

A

1756 - 1792

154
Q

Ritornello form

A

A form often used in the first and third movements of a concerto grosso. The opening passage (ritornello or “refrain”) is repeated throughout the movement.

155
Q

accelerando, accel.

A

becoming quicker

156
Q

mit Ausdruck

A

with expression

157
Q

Compound interval

A

Interval wider than an octave. Can be either melodic or harmonic, within a single staff or between staves.

158
Q

English horn transposition

A

Down a perfect fifth

159
Q

Form

A

The overall structure or framework of a composition

160
Q

Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream key

A

Concert overture in E Major

161
Q

Concert overture

A

A category of program music, usually in sonata form

162
Q

mesto

A

sad, mournful

163
Q

tenuto

A

held, sustained

164
Q

attacca

A

proceed without a break

165
Q

quasi

A

almost, as if

166
Q

col, coll’, colla, colle

A

with (for example, coll’ottava: with an added octave)

167
Q

Composer of El grillo

A

Josquin des Prez, Franco-Flemish

168
Q

secondo, seconda

A

second; second or lower part of a duet

169
Q

Dominant 7th chord

A

Consists of a major third, perfect fifth, and minor seventh above the root

170
Q

langsam

A

slow, slowly

171
Q

Polyphonic / contrapuntal texture (or counterpoint)

A

The combination of two or more independent melodic lines.

172
Q

schnell

A

fast

173
Q

allegro

A

fast

174
Q

volta

A

time (for example, prima volta: first time; seconda volta: second time)

175
Q

bewegt

A

moving

176
Q

El grillo performing forces

A

Four voices as performing forces

177
Q

Program music

A

Instrumental music with associations with literature, visual arts, nature, historical events

178
Q

Trumpet transposition

A

Down a major second

179
Q

Hurdy-gurdy

A

Hurdy-gurdy is a stringed instrument that produces sound by a crank-turned, rosined wheel rubbing against the strings.

180
Q

Open position

A

When triads are written with the notes spread out, either within a single staff or on the grand staff, this is called open position

181
Q

Authentic cadence

A

The progression of V-I, which ends on the tonic and sounds final.

182
Q

Etude

A

French word for study, focuses on technical skill of the performer, highlighting specific skills

183
Q

tranquillo

A

quiet, tranquil

184
Q

Josquin des Prez lifetime

A

1440 - 1521

185
Q

Dripsody performing forces

A

Uses recorded sound of dripping water

186
Q

mässig

A

moderate, moderately

187
Q

con pedale, con ped.

A

with pedal

188
Q

con fuoco

A

with fire

189
Q

ad libitum, ad lib.

A

at the liberty of the performer

190
Q

Raga

A

Literally means “color” or “atmosphere”; provides melodic structure of a composition or performance. A pattern of pitches defined by the number of notes it contains as well as the pattern of intervals. Used as a basis of extended improvisation.

191
Q

Invention in C Major compositional devices

A

Invention based on a seven-note motive, treated using imitation, inversion, transposition, and sequence

192
Q

tonic major and tonic minor

A

A major scale and a minor scale that have the same tonic

193
Q

con grazia

A

with grace

194
Q

loco

A

return to the normal register

195
Q

assai

A

much, very much (for example, allegro assai: very fast)

196
Q

Petrushka form

A

Example of rondo form (ABACABA)

197
Q

Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K 525 performing forces

A

Uses two violins, viola, cello, and optional double bass; often performed by a small string orchestra

198
Q

M.M.

A

metronome marking (Maelzel’s Metronome)

199
Q

Polychords

A

Combination of two or more different chords simultaneously to create a dissonant sound.

200
Q

Augmented triads

A

Created by expanding the perfect fifth in a major triad to an augmented fifth

201
Q

Petrushka performing forces

A

Example of a large orchestra with expanded percussion including piano

202
Q

Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream performing forces

A

Uses symphony orchestra

203
Q

Homophonic texture

A

A singe line of melody supported by a harmonic accompaniment

204
Q

l’istesso tempo

A

the same tempo

205
Q

ben, bene

A

well (for example, ben marcato: well marked)

206
Q

Tritone

A

Strictly defined as a musical interval composed of three adjacent whole tones.

207
Q

Senza misura

A

Without measure

208
Q

Petrushka Chord

A

A polychord consisting of a C major and F# major triad, used by Stravinsky

209
Q

appassionato

A

Impassioned; with passion or strong feeling

210
Q

stringendo

A

pressing, becoming faster

211
Q

sostenuto

A

sustained

212
Q

Similar motion

A

Occurs when two voices move in the same direction but with different interval relationships

213
Q

Diatonic scales

A

Major and minor scales, contain only notes that belong to the scale

214
Q

forte, f

A

loud

215
Q

Motive

A

A short melodic or rhythmic fragment used to build a melody

216
Q

più

A

more

217
Q

Circle of fifths

A

Relates keys by fifths

218
Q

The Revolutionary Etude composer

A

Frederic Chopin

219
Q

Transposing instrument

A

An orchestral instrument that is notated in keys other than the sound that is actually produced.

220
Q

Cadenza

A

A solo passage, in an improvisatory style, demonstrating the virtuosity of the performer.

221
Q

Open score

A

Each instrumental or vocal part is written on its own staff

222
Q

Tala

A

Literally means “clap”; provides rhythmic structure for a composition or performance. A metric cycle or regularly repeating rhythmic phrase that can include from three to over one hundred rhythmic units. Often expressed by percussion instruments such as the tabla (pair of drums).

223
Q

Baroque Era

A

ca 1600 - 1750

224
Q

maestoso

A

majestic

225
Q

mezzo piano, mp

A

moderately soft

226
Q

a tempo

A

return to the original tempo

227
Q

Dripsody genre

A

Example of electron music

228
Q

sopra

A

above

229
Q

Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K 525 genre

A

Chamber music

230
Q

Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream form

A

Overture in sonata form

231
Q

Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 performing forces

A

Uses concertino consisting of harpsichord, violin, flute; ripieno consisting of string orchestra

232
Q

staccato

A

detached

233
Q

Imitation

A

Repetition of the same motive, in another voice (or part)

234
Q

lento

A

slow

235
Q

Raga themes

A

Expresses emotions, concepts (e.g., heroism), seasonal celebrations, and times of day and night

236
Q

più mosso

A

more movement (quicker)

237
Q

Melodic interval

A

When the notes of an interval are played one after the other

238
Q

Exposition/Statement

A

First section of sonata form. The main themes are stated; this often consists of two contrasting themes.

239
Q

pesante

A

weighty, with emphasis

240
Q

Hildegard von Bingen lifetime

A

1098 - 1172

241
Q

Blues scale

A

Six pitches - minor pentatonic scale plus either a raised 4 or a lowered 5

242
Q

Ordo Virtutum vocal form

A

Example of plainchant

243
Q

crescendo, cresc.

A

becoming louder

244
Q

Dripsody composer

A

Hugh LeCaine composed this

245
Q

fortepiano, fp

A

loud, then suddenly soft

246
Q

Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream genre

A

Example of concert overture

247
Q

Petrushka summary

A

The story of a puppet who is brought to life by the magician who created him

248
Q

cut time

A

2/2 time, also called alla breve, C with vertical line through

249
Q

Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 structure

A

Example of ritornello form

250
Q

Inversion

A

Repeating a motive upside down

251
Q

Duke Ellington lifetime

A

1899-1974

252
Q

Gamelan

A

A traditional Javanese instrumental ensemble. Features metallophones, gongs, xylophones (instruments with wooden bars), drums and voices

253
Q

quindicesima alta, 15ma

A

two octaves higher

254
Q

The Revolutionary Etude key

A

Example etude in C Minor

255
Q

Modern Era

A

ca 1900 - Present

256
Q

Rota

A

Old English word for “round”. Strict imitation is created through successive entries of a melody in several voices

257
Q

con brio

A

with vigor, spirit

258
Q

sempre

A

always, continuously

259
Q

pedale, ped.

A

pedal

260
Q

Concerto grosso

A

Baroque orchestral work. Usually in three movements (fast-slow-fast). A group of solo instruments (concertino) is contrasted with a full string orchestra (ripieno)

261
Q

simile

A

continue in the same manner as has just been indicated

262
Q

Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 key

A

Concerto grosso in D Major

263
Q

brillante

A

brilliant

264
Q

Koko performing forces

A

Uses Big Band orchestra, including brass (trumpets, trombones), reeds (clarinets, saxophones), and rhythm section (drums, double bass, guitar, piano)

265
Q

tempo

A

speed at which music is performed

266
Q

Chamber music

A

Music for a small ensemble (two to ten players) with one player per part. Usually performed without a conductor.

267
Q

Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream Exposition

A

Multiple themes in Exposition, different keys

268
Q

Enharmonic equivalent minor keys

A

Bb/A#, Eb/D#, Ab/G# (5 or more sharps or flats)

269
Q

léger

A

light, lightly

270
Q

Ledger lines

A

Small lines used to extend the range of the staff. Used for notes that are above or below the five lines of the treble and bass staves.

271
Q

Nationalism

A

Patriotism expressed through music

272
Q

grazioso

A

graceful

273
Q

Keyboard style

A

Each chord is written in the treble clef in close position, to be played by the right hand. The notes in the bass clef are played by the left hand.

274
Q

Example of Raga

A

Evening Raga: Bhopali

275
Q

vivo

A

lively

276
Q

Neighbour tones

A

Non-chord tones are notes that are adjacent to chord tones. Melody goes from a chord tone to a neighbour tone and then back to the same chord tone. Labelled “nt.”

277
Q

Close position

A

When triads are written with the three notes as close together as possible

278
Q

da capo, D.C.

A

from the beginning

279
Q

enharmonic change

A

when the name of a note is changed without a change in pitch

280
Q

Harmonic interval

A

When the notes of an interval are played at the same time

281
Q

Homorhythmic texture

A

All voices have the same rhythmic pattern, creating blocked chordal style. Text is very clear and easy to follow as a result.

282
Q

Monophonic texture

A

A single line of unaccompanied melody

283
Q

dolente

A

sad

284
Q

Invention

A

A keyboard composition, in polyphonic texture. Based on imitation.

285
Q

non troppo

A

not too much

286
Q

Musique concrete

A

Early form of electronic where natural sounds were recorded on magnetic tape and then manipulated

287
Q

Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream Recapitulation

A

Magical opening chords return

288
Q

largo

A

very slow

289
Q

e, ed

A

and

290
Q

Polytonality

A

Two or more keys sounding simultaneously, creating dissonance

291
Q

Passing tones

A

Non-chord tones that fill in the skips between notes that belong to the chords. All of these passing tones fall on the weak parts, or subdivisions, of the beat. Labelled “pt.”

292
Q

Sumer is Icumen In composer

A

Anonymous composer of vocal work

293
Q

con espressione

A

with expression

294
Q

sonore

A

sonorous

295
Q

espressivo, express.

A

expressive, with expression

296
Q

Chromatic intervals

A

Intervals that have been altered with accidentals from outside of the major key of which the bottom note is the tonic

297
Q

Period

A

A period consists of two phrases, of four measures each. E.g., a question-answer phrase pair.

298
Q

con sordino

A

with mute

299
Q

Ripieno

A

The body of instruments accompanying the concertino in Baroque concerto music. They blend in with the orchestra rather than standing out.

300
Q

Composer of Brandenburg Concerto No. 5

A

Johann Sebastian Bach composed this concerto

301
Q

morendo

A

dying, fading away

302
Q

Sumer is Icumen In form

A

Example of a rota, or round

303
Q

LeCaine lifetime

A

1914-1977

304
Q

lentement

A

slowly

305
Q

Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K 525 form

A

Example of a sonata

306
Q

sforzando, sf, sfz

A

sudden strong accent of a single note or chord

307
Q

Con forza

A

With force

308
Q

Renaissance Era

A

ca 1450 - 1600

309
Q

Sequence

A

A motive or phrase that is repeated at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice

310
Q

pizzicato

A

on a bowed string instrument, pluck the string instead of bowing

311
Q

fortissimo, ff

A

very loud

312
Q

largamente

A

broadly

313
Q

mouvement

A

tempo, motion

314
Q

Tritone

A

The diminished fifth interval and the augmented fourth (enharmonic equivalents) are referred to as the tritone. Consists of three whole tones. Most dissonant interval in the tonal vocabulary. Referred to in the Middle Ages as the diabolus in musica or “devil in music.”

315
Q

Binary form

A

A design in which there are two clearly defined parts or sections. These sections are often repeated. Uppercase letters - A and B - are used to label these larger sections within a piece of music. Often unfold within a sixteen-measure structure.

316
Q

relative keys

A

major and minor keys with the same number of sharps or flats

317
Q

volti subito, v.s.

A

turn the page quickly

318
Q

Javanese Gamelan influenced….

A

Claude Debussy was influenced by…. (in his solo piano piece “Pagodes”)

319
Q

Recapitulation/Return

A

Third and final section of sonata form. The return of main themes stated in the exposition.

320
Q

Petrushka genre

A

Ballet example

321
Q

Enharmonic equivalents

A

Notes that sound the same, but are spelled differently

322
Q

Koko genre

A

Example of twelve-bar blues

323
Q

meno

A

less

324
Q

Contrary motion

A

Occurs when two voices move in the opposite direction

325
Q

subito

A

suddenly

326
Q

Word painting

A

Musical pictorialization. The music mirrors the meaning of the words through melody, harmony, and rhythm.

327
Q

Jazz chorus

A

One full statement of the twelve-bar blues structure. Repetitions feature different soloists.

Music (5 decks)

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